{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T20:55:24Z","timestamp":1785444924505,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,5]],"date-time":"2019-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559692800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P50 AA005595"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P50 AA005595"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 AA018377"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AA018377"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 AA022791"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AA022791"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 AA023376"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AA023376"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Alcoholism Clin &amp;amp; Exp Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although restrictive state alcohol policy environments are protective for individuals\u2019 binge drinking, research is sparse on the effect of alcohol policies on alcohol's harms to others (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AHTO<\/jats:styled-content>). We examined the lagged associations between efficacy of U.S. state alcohol policies and number of harms from others\u2019 drinking 1\u00a0year later.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Individuals with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AHTO<\/jats:styled-content> data in a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults (analytic sample <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a026,744) that pooled the 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2015 National Alcohol Surveys and a 2015 National Alcohol's Harm to Others Survey were linked with prior\u2010year state policy measures. We used 2 measures from the Alcohol Policy Scale (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">APS<\/jats:styled-content>)\u2014effectiveness in reducing (i) binge drinking and (ii) impaired driving, based on experts\u2019 efficacy judgments regarding 29 state alcohol policies. Three 12\u2010month <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AHTO<\/jats:styled-content> measures (due to another drinker) were experiencing: (i) either family\/marriage difficulties or financial troubles; (ii) being assaulted or vandalized; and (iii) passenger with drunk driver or traffic accident. Multilevel models accounting for clustering within states and stratified by age\u2010groups (&lt;40 vs. \u226540) examined associations between the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">APS<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AHTO<\/jats:styled-content> measures, controlling for individual covariates (gender, race, education, employment and marital status, family problem\u2010drinking history) of the victim.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Only for those aged &lt;40, the lagged APS\u2010Binge drinking and APS\u2010Impaired driving scores were each inversely associated with aggression\u2010related harms and, separately, with drunk driving\u2010related harm from someone else's drinking (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>s\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05 to\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.01). Family\/financial harms were not associated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">APS<\/jats:styled-content> scores for either age\u2010group. Composite <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AHTO<\/jats:styled-content> measures (any of 3 harm\u2010types) also were inversely associated with stronger state alcohol policy environments (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>s\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05 to &lt;0.01).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>State alcohol policies may be effective in reducing, to a meaningful degree, aggression\u2010related harms and vehicular hazards due to other drinkers, but mainly in those under 40.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.14054","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,5]],"date-time":"2019-06-05T10:16:04Z","timestamp":1559729764000},"page":"1234-1243","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["The Relationship Between the U.S. State Alcohol Policy Environment and Individuals\u2019 Experience of Secondhand Effects: Alcohol Harms Due to Others\u2019 Drinking"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3108-4812","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas K.","family":"Greenfield","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Institute Alcohol Research Group Emeryville California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0390-297X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Won K.","family":"Cook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Institute Alcohol Research Group Emeryville California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2019-0222","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katherine J.","family":"Karriker\u2010Jaffe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Institute Alcohol Research Group Emeryville California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6775-9682","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deidre","family":"Patterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Institute Alcohol Research Group Emeryville California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6612-9200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William C.","family":"Kerr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Institute Alcohol Research Group Emeryville California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6139-4785","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ziming","family":"Xuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Health Sciences Boston University School of Public Health Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy S.","family":"Naimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Health Sciences Boston University School of Public Health Boston Massachusetts"},{"name":"Clinical Addiction Research &amp; Education Unit Section of General Internal Medicine Boston Medical Center Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"BlumbergSJ LukeJV(2013)Wireless substitution: early release of estimates from the National Health Interview Survey January\u2013June 2013 pp19.National Center for Health Statistics Hyattsville MD. Available at:http:\/\/www.webcitation.org\/6TrfExrB6. Accessed November 05 2014."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0040151"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2202\/1935-1682.1637"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","unstructured":"2013 Pan American Health Organization Washington DC CJ Cherpitel G Borges N Giesbrecht M Monteiro T Stockwell Prevention of Alcohol\u2010Related Injuries in the Americas: From Evidence to Policy Action"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1078390310374876"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15288\/jsad.2012.73.277"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.12571"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","unstructured":"1992 The Unit Ottawa ON M Eliany N Giesbrecht M Nelson B Wellman S Wortley Alcohol and Other Drug Use by Canadians: A National Alcohol and Other Drugs Survey (1989) Technical Report"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wmh3.97"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19439961003590811"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1985.tb02544.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","first-page":"413","volume-title":"International Handbook of Alcohol Problems and Dependence","author":"Greenfield TK","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","volume-title":"Lifestyles & Drinking Patterns among Young Adults","author":"Greenfield TK","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.12131"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","first-page":"23","article-title":"Trends in Alcohol's Harms to Others (AHTO) and co\u2010occurrence of family\u2010related AHTO: the four US National Alcohol Surveys 2000 to 2015","volume":"9","author":"Greenfield TK","year":"2015","journal-title":"Subst Abuse"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.12324"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/9780875532929ch04"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/009145090703400408"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph6123205"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5888\/pcd12.150200"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","volume-title":"Alcohol Beverage Control: The Basics for New State Alcohol Regulators","author":"Johnson RB","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.12591"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14659891.2016.1232758"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","first-page":"117","article-title":"A scale of formal alcohol control policy in 15 European countries","volume":"18","author":"Karlsson T","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nordisk Alkohol Nark"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.12119"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14659891.2016.1232761"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.14283"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15288\/jsad.2018.79.239"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0376-8716(98)00184-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","first-page":"213","volume-title":"Legislative Approaches to Prevention of Alcohol\u2010related Problems: An inter\u2010American workshop","author":"Mosher JF","year":"1982"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.07.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","unstructured":"2005 US Department of Transportation Washington DC National Highway Traffic Safety Administration The Role of Alcohol Beverage Control Agencies in the Enforcement and Adjudication of Alcohol Laws (DOT HS 809877) 32"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","unstructured":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Alcohol Policy Information System (APIS).Bethesda MD. Available at:https:\/\/alcoholpolicy.niaaa.nih.gov."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","article-title":"Alcohol's secondhand harms in the U.S.: new data on prevalence and risk factors","author":"Nayak MB","journal-title":"J Stud Alcohol Drugs"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2004.043810"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.12706"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2011.03605.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.clpt.6100502"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/009145090603300203"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60746-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4135\/9781473920712"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","first-page":"68","volume-title":"Controversies in the Addictions Field","author":"Room R","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph7041855"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","unstructured":"1984 World Health Organization Geneva Switzerland I Rootman J Moser Community Response to Alcohol\u2010related Problems"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15389588.2015.1064909"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","first-page":"442","article-title":"Alcohol consumption and burden of disease in the Americas in 2012: implications for alcohol policy","volume":"38","author":"Shield KD","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rev Panam Salud Publica"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","unstructured":"2015 Stata Corporation College Station TX Stata Corporation Stata Statistical Software: Release 14.0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Surgeon General's Workshop on Drunk Driving: Background Papers","author":"Wagenaar AC","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7895\/ijadr.v4i2.205"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2014.302112"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015-0537"}],"container-title":["Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Facer.14054","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/acer.14054","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,10]],"date-time":"2023-09-10T17:22:28Z","timestamp":1694366548000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/acer.14054"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/acer.14054"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/acer.14054","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0145-6008","1530-0277"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0145-6008","type":"print"},{"value":"1530-0277","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-09-27","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-04-05","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-06-05","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}