{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T13:03:24Z","timestamp":1788786204921,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,24]],"date-time":"2019-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1561334400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Alcoholism Clin &amp;amp; Exp Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study examined the relationship between prenatal exposure to alcohol, manifested through fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) and pFAS, and hypertension in children and adolescents.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study was designed to analyze the association between fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) Status and hypertension status. FAS\/pFAS\u2010diagnosed respondents (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0125) were collected from a FASD Clinical database in Atlanta, Georgia. Non\u2010FAS\/pFAS respondents (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0500) were taken from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Chi\u2010square analyses were used to examine the extent to which FASD status, sex, race\/ethnicity, medication use, and obesity status each related to hypertension status. A logistic regression was performed analyzing the relationship between FASD status (y\/n: independent) and hypertension status (y\/n: dependent) while controlling for age, sex, race\/ethnicity, medication use, and obesity status.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Univariate relationships between hypertension status and FASD status (OR\u00a0=\u00a08.46, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001), medication use (OR\u00a0=\u00a03.25, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001), and obesity status (OR\u00a0=\u00a03.03, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.02) proved to be statistically significant (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). FASD status significantly predicted hypertension status (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a02.31, OR\u00a0=\u00a010.06, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) after accounting for age, sex, race\/ethnicity, medication use, and obesity status.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The major findings of this study suggest a significant relationship between FASD and hypertension in youth. Race\/ethnicity and obesity also proved important in predicting hypertensive blood pressure readings independent of FASD diagnosis. Further research is needed to isolate prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) as a factor promoting increased hypertension and to assess the risk for hypertension in alcohol\u2010affected adults.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.14121","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,5]],"date-time":"2019-06-05T12:20:11Z","timestamp":1559737211000},"page":"1727-1733","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Association Analysis: Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder and Hypertension Status in Children and Adolescents"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Jonathan C.","family":"Cook","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgia State University Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary Ellen","family":"Lynch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emory University Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3399-6644","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claire D.","family":"Coles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emory University Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"American Heart Association and the American Stroke Association(2009).Patent Ductus Arteriosis (PDA) [Online]. 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