{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T12:24:43Z","timestamp":1789907083773,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,27]],"date-time":"2019-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1569542400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Alcoholism Clin &amp;amp; Exp Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Alcohol consumption despite aversive consequences is often a key component of an alcoholism diagnosis. Free\u2010choice alcohol consumption despite bitter quinine adulteration in rodents has been seen following several months of free\u2010choice drinking, but there has been little study of whether prolonged access to other palatable substances such as saccharin yields quinine resistance. Selectively bred crossed high\u2013alcohol\u2010preferring (cHAP) mice average blood alcohol levels of over 250\u00a0mg\/dl during free\u2010choice access, considerably higher than other models. We hypothesized that higher intakes would yield more rapid development of quinine\u2010resistant alcohol (QRA) drinking and quinine\u2010resistant saccharin (QRS) drinking.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>All experiments used male and female cHAP mice. Experiment 1 compared mice with either 0 or 5\u00a0weeks of alcohol drinking history, testing varying (0.032, 0.10, 0.32\u00a0g\/l) quinine concentrations in ethanol. Experiment 2 examined whether innate QR may exist, comparing animals with a 1 or zero day of drinking history. Experiment 3 examined the effect of varying histories (0, 2, or 5\u00a0weeks) of free\u2010choice 10% alcohol drinking on QR alcohol consumption at high quinine concentrations. Finally, Experiment 4 investigated the development of QRS drinking.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found that we could not detect a history effect in commonly used quinine concentrations, indicating that cHAP mice are innately quinine resistant to 0.10\u00a0g\/l quinine. However, we were able to determine that a 2\u2010week drinking history was sufficient to induce QRA drinking in cHAP mice at extremely high quinine concentrations (0.74 and 0.32\u00a0g\/l). However, the history effect was specific to QRA, a saccharin drinking history, did not yield QRS drinking.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>These data suggest that an alcohol drinking history induces maladaptive behaviors, such as drinking in spite of negative consequences, a pattern not seen with saccharin. Furthermore, a strong genetic predisposition to drink may promote an innate aversion resistance compared with commonly used inbred strains.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.14196","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,11]],"date-time":"2019-09-11T16:13:41Z","timestamp":1568218421000},"page":"2421-2430","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Innate and Acquired Quinine\u2010Resistant Alcohol, but not Saccharin, Drinking in Crossed High\u2013Alcohol\u2010Preferring Mice"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Christa A.","family":"Houck","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Indiana University\u2010Purdue University Indianapolis Indianapolis Indiana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire R.","family":"Carron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Indiana University\u2010Purdue University Indianapolis Indianapolis Indiana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren A.","family":"Millie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Indiana University\u2010Purdue University Indianapolis Indianapolis Indiana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3279-2279","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicholas J.","family":"Grahame","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Indiana University\u2010Purdue University Indianapolis Indianapolis Indiana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9384(99)00246-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/FBP.0b013e3283644d15"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-005-0416-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1021489922751"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2010.01241.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2014.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-006-0386-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2016.07.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2010.01199.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/revneuro-2012-0066"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.13581"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1369-1600.2011.00412.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.12216"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2012.01873.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","first-page":"101","article-title":"Experimentally induced intoxication in alcoholics: a comparison between programed and spontaneous drinking","volume":"173","author":"Mello NK","year":"1970","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10519-010-9394-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2010.01220.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.13115"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2017.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3445"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2015.06.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-7634(05)80142-3"}],"container-title":["Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/acer.14196","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/acer.14196","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/acer.14196","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,8]],"date-time":"2023-09-08T15:27:11Z","timestamp":1694186831000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/acer.14196"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,27]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/acer.14196"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/acer.14196","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0145-6008","1530-0277"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0145-6008","type":"print"},{"value":"1530-0277","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-01-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-08-26","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-09-27","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}