{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T14:05:45Z","timestamp":1762956345875,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,22]],"date-time":"2020-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590105600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01AA023176 01 A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01AA023176 01 A1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Alcoholism Clin &amp;amp; Exp Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>There is increasing interest in the development of newborn screening tests to identify children at risk\u00a0of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) in order to provide these children with early intervention. Phosphatidylethanol (PEth) has emerged as a potential\u00a0universal newborn screening\u00a0candidate.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this report was to present the results of a study designed to compare PEth levels in 1,140\u00a0postpartum women and their newborn infants in Montevideo, Uruguay, and Sao Paulo, Brazil. Self\u2010report alcohol use during pregnancy data was collected, along with both maternal and newborn dried blood spot samples for PEth analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The average age and parity of the women in the sample were 26\u00a0years of age and 2.3 pregnancies. For the Uruguay sample (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0611), 45.8% of postpartum women had PEth levels\u00a0\u2265\u00a08\u00a0ng\/ml\u00a0with a mean positive PEth of 43.6\u00a0ng\/ml. In contrast, 86.8% of the newborns had\u00a0PEth levels\u00a0\u2265\u00a08\u00a0ng\/ml,\u00a0with a mean\u00a0positive\u00a0PEth\u00a0of 77.4\u00a0ng\/ml. For the Brazil sample (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0529), 33.2% of women had\u00a0PEth\u00a0levels\u00a0\u2265\u00a08\u00a0ng\/ml with a mean positive\u00a0PEth\u00a0of 31\u00a0ng\/ml. In contrast,\u00a076.9% of the\u00a0Brazil\u00a0newborns had\u00a0PEth\u00a0levels\u00a0\u2265\u00a08\u00a0ng\/ml and 43.9% with\u00a0a\u00a0mean\u00a0positive\u00a0PEth\u00a0of 61.1\u00a0ng\/ml. PEth\u00a0levels were significantly higher in newborns compared with their postpartum mothers in both the Uruguay and Brazil samples. Self\u2010reported third\u2010trimester alcohol was 6% in the\u00a0Uruguay\u00a0sample and 9.1% in the Brazil sample compared with positive\u00a0maternal\u00a0PEth\u00a0levels\u00a0in 45.8% and 33.2%,\u00a0respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Clinicians may want to consider newborn\u00a0PEth\u00a0screening in high\u2010risk populations where prenatal alcohol use is common. The mechanism underlying significantly\u00a0higher\u00a0PEth\u00a0levels\u00a0in newborns compared with their mothers is not known.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.14339","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,22]],"date-time":"2020-05-22T15:37:29Z","timestamp":1590161849000},"page":"1292-1299","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Phosphatidylethanol Levels in Postpartum Women and Their Newborns in Uruguay and Brazil"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Aileen E.","family":"Baldwin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Drug Testing Laboratories, Inc. 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