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Alcohol use is common among people with HIV (PWH); however, the association between recent \u201clow\u2010risk\u201d alcohol consumption and neurocognition among PWH is poorly understood.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Participants included 310 PWH and 89 HIV\u2212 older (\u226550\u00a0years) adults who reported alcohol abstinence or \u201clow\u2010risk\u201d drinking, defined per the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism criteria (i.e., \u226515 drinks\/wk or \u22655 drinks\/d for men; \u22658 drinks\/wk or \u22654\u00a0drinks\/d for women). Neurocognition was measured using global and domain\u2010specific demographically corrected<jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\u2010scores. Multiple linear regressions examined the interaction between total drinks in the last 30\u00a0days (linear and quadratic terms) and HIV serostatus on neurocognition, covarying for age, sex, lifetime major depressive disorder, lifetime nonalcohol substance use disorders, and lifetime alcohol use disorder.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Total drinks consumed in the last 30\u00a0days did not differ by HIV serostatus (<jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a00.202). Among HIV\u2212 older adults, quadratic effects of total drinks on neurocognition occurred such that optimal neurocognition (i.e., global function, executive function, learning, delayed recall, and motor skills) was detected at intermediate levels of \u201clow\u2010risk\u201d drinking (~20 to 40 drinks), with poorer performance at the lower and higher ranges of \u201clow\u2010risk\u201d consumption. In PWH, total drinks did not exhibit linear or quadratic associations with neurocognition.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In HIV\u2212 \u201clow\u2010risk\u201d drinkers, intermediate levels of recent alcohol use were associated with better neurocognition, consistent with the inverted J\u2010shaped association. The same nonlinear effect of recent alcohol consumption on neurocognition was absent in PWH, indicating there may be no beneficial or deleterious effects of low\u2010risk alcohol consumption on neurocognition among PWH. Future research is warranted to examine associations between alcohol consumption and HIV\u2010related biopsychosocial disadvantages that may supersede the neurocognitive benefits of alcohol.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.14379","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,25]],"date-time":"2020-05-25T16:36:06Z","timestamp":1590424566000},"page":"1389-1399","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Effects of Low\u2010Risk Drinking on Neurocognition Among Older Persons Living With HIV as Compared to Those Without HIV"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7572-9697","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maulika","family":"Kohli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the San Diego State University\/University of California, San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology (MK, EWP, RS) San Diego State 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University\/University of California, San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology (MK, EWP, RS) San Diego State University\/University of California, San Diego San Diego California"},{"name":"HIV Neurobehavioral Research Program (MK, EWP, RS, AU, RE, DJM) Department of Psychiatry University of California, San Diego San Diego California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anya","family":"Umlauf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HIV Neurobehavioral Research Program (MK, EWP, RS, AU, RE, DJM) Department of Psychiatry University of California, San Diego San Diego California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ronald","family":"Ellis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HIV Neurobehavioral Research Program (MK, EWP, RS, AU, RE, DJM) Department of Psychiatry University of California, San Diego San Diego California"},{"name":"Department of Neurosciences (RE) University of California, San Diego La 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