{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T02:27:39Z","timestamp":1786588059142,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,20]],"date-time":"2020-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605830400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Alcoholism Clin &amp;amp; Exp Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prenatal alcohol exposure can result in a wide range of adverse health outcomes, including in some cases fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD), a lifelong neurodevelopmental disorder. Thus, there is pressing need for effective interventions to prevent alcohol\u2010exposed pregnancies (AEPs).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A systematic review was undertaken to provide an up\u2010to\u2010date analysis of the current prevention literature. PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and PsycINFO were searched for relevant English\u2010language articles published from 1970 onward. Studies were eligible for the current systematic review if the interventions included pregnant and postpartum women and\/or their support networks to prevent AEPs and FASD. Outcomes of interest included alcohol consumption, knowledge, contraceptive use, neonatal outcomes, family well\u2010being or functioning, economics, and healthcare utilization outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty\u2010four peer\u2010reviewed studies met the inclusion criteria. Fifteen studies employed brief intervention (BI) methods, 6 used long\u2010term\/intensive strategies, and 5 were educational interventions. A further 3 studies assessed counseling approaches, 2 evaluated multicomponent interventions, and 3 assessed nutritional supplementation interventions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The current review identified variable results from available interventions to prevent alcohol use among pregnant and postpartum women. Preliminary evidence demonstrated that BIs may be effective among subgroups of pregnant women with higher initial alcohol consumption, those with partner involvement, and those who used alcohol and other substances concurrently. Some preliminary evidence relating to long\u2010term interventions with pregnant women with polysubstance use emerged, specifically case management that not only focused on reduction in substance use, but also on addressing the complex interplay between health and social well\u2010being of families. Overall, additional research is required to improve the effectiveness of preventative approaches during pregnancy and the postpartum period.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.14489","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,29]],"date-time":"2020-10-29T19:10:53Z","timestamp":1603998653000},"page":"2431-2448","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Prevention of Alcohol\u2010Exposed Pregnancies and Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Among Pregnant and Postpartum Women: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"May Na","family":"Erng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Child Health Research Centre (MNE, NR) The University of Queensland South Brisbane QLD Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2041-8864","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew","family":"Smirnov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health (AS) The University of Queensland Herston QLD Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9813-5613","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natasha","family":"Reid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Child Health Research Centre (MNE, NR) The University of Queensland South Brisbane QLD Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"428","article-title":"Do we need the term \"FAE\"?","volume":"95","author":"Aase JM","year":"1995","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.13817"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-18-0607"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00981380802451210"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jp.7210847"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2001.tb02210.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.12461"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(95)90362-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","unstructured":"2008 University of British Columbia Okanagan and NEXUS University of British Columbia Vancouver JL Bottorff J Carey N Poole L Greaves C Urquhart Couples and Smoking: What You Need to Know When You Are Pregnant"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nur.20085"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2012.57"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","series-title":"Issue 6 of Monographs of the Rutgers Center of Alcohol Studies","first-page":"1","volume-title":"American drinking practices: a national study of drinking behavior and attitudes","author":"Cahalan D","year":"1969"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0738-3991(96)00944-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/mja12.11723"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000157109.05453.84"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-0443.1999.941014996.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-015-1779-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","first-page":"15","article-title":"Determinants of drinking during pregnancy and lifespan outcomes for individuals with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder","volume":"19","author":"Coons KD","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Dev Disabil"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2015.10.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph13010076"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.52.6.377"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","unstructured":"2018 Springer International Publishing Basel J Egon C Sterling B Ian Ethical and Legal Perspectives in Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD)"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4603(98)00116-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1520-6629(199901)27:1<19::AID-JCOP2>3.0.CO;2-K"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2008.00738.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1747-597X-8-31"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/16066359.2010.507894"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2009.02082.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1081\/ADA-200056813"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","first-page":"87","article-title":"Victimized or validated? 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