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Mucosa\u2010associated invariant T (MAIT) cells play a critical role in antibacterial host defense. However, whether alcohol\u2010associated deficits in innate and adaptive immune responses are mediated by alterations in MAIT cells remains unclear.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the impact of alcohol on MAIT cells, mice were treated with binge\u2010on\u2010chronic alcohol for 10\u00a0days and sacrificed at day 11. MAIT cells in the barrier organs (lung, liver, and intestine) were characterized by flow cytometry. Two additional sets of animals were used to examine the involvement of gut microbiota on alcohol\u2010induced MAIT cell changes: (1) Cecal microbiota from alcohol\u2010fed (AF) mice were adoptive transferred into antibiotic\u2010pretreated mice and (2) AF mice were treated with antibiotics during the experiment. MAIT cells in the barrier organs were measured via flow cytometry.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Binge\u2010on\u2010chronic alcohol feeding led to a significant reduction in the abundance of MAIT cells in the barrier tissues. However, CD69 expression on tissue\u2010associated MAIT cells was increased in AF mice compared with pair\u2010fed (PF) mice. The expression of Th1 cytokines and the corresponding transcriptional factor was tissue specific, showing downregulation in the intestine and increases in the lung and liver in AF animals. Transplantation of fecal microbiota from AF mice resulted in a MAIT cell profile aligned to that of AF mouse donor. Antibiotic treatment abolished the MAIT cell differences between AF and PF animals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>MAIT cells in the intestine, liver, and lung are perturbed by alcohol use and these changes are partially attributable to alcohol\u2010associated dysbiosis. MAIT cell dysfunction may contribute to alcohol\u2010induced innate and adaptive immunity and consequently end\u2010organ pathophysiology.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.14589","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,11]],"date-time":"2021-03-11T16:01:26Z","timestamp":1615478486000},"page":"934-947","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Alcohol\u2010associated intestinal dysbiosis alters mucosal\u2010associated invariant T\u2010cell phenotype and function"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7780-7051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Min","family":"Gu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Pulmonary\/Critical Care and Allergy\/Immunology Department of Internal Medicine Louisiana State University Health Science Center New Orleans LA 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