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Importantly, the deficits are observed in individuals with FASD who have normal IQs and show no dysmorphic facial features caused by heavy PE. These observations suggest that even moderate PE could lead to attention deficits. This possibility was investigated in the present study using a rat model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pregnant Sprague Dawley rats were administered EtOH (3\u00a0g\/kg\/day) or vehicle via intragastric gavage on gestational days 8 to 20. The blood EtOH concentration (BEC) in EtOH\u2010treated rats was 87.7\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.2\u00a0mg\/dl (1\u00a0h after the gavage), similar to the BECs reported in other moderate PE studies in rodents. Moderate PE did not produce teratogenic effects on birthweight or litter size. The adult offspring underwent a 2\u2010choice reaction time task.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Moderate PE led to augmented action impulsivity in both sexes, indicated by more rapid response initiation and more premature responses. Deficits were more marked in males than in females. No greater lapses of attention, assessed by incorrect or relatively slow responses, were observed in rats of either sex with moderate PE. In addition, no deficits in learning or motor function were detected after moderate PE. Interestingly, rats with moderate PE completed more trials than controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results confirm that moderate PE leads to attention deficits in both sexes, which is demonstrated by greater action impulsivity, but not more lapses of attention. This effect differs from that of heavy PE, as shown in our previous study, which is manifested as impaired action impulsivity and lapses of attention in both sexes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.14599","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,17]],"date-time":"2021-03-17T19:17:05Z","timestamp":1616008625000},"page":"1122-1135","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Moderate prenatal ethanol exposure leads to attention deficits in both male and female rats"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0316-0600","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruixiang","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacob School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University at Buffalo Buffalo NY USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Connor 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