{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T01:58:59Z","timestamp":1791770339511,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,28]],"date-time":"2021-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632787200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DA018652"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DA018652"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Alcoholism Clin &amp;amp; Exp Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The DSM\u20105 definition of alcohol use disorder (AUD) has been well validated, but information is lacking on the extent to which alcohol use, comorbidity, and impairment are associated with the 3 DSM\u20105\u2010defined AUD severity levels: mild, moderate, and severe. This study examined clinical and functional characteristics as predictors (validators) of these severity levels.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Participants aged \u226518\u00a0years reporting current problem substance use (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0588) were recruited between 2016 and 2019 and assessed for DSM\u20105 AUD and a set of potential validators: indicators of alcohol use severity (i.e., craving, binge drinking frequency, problematic use, and harmful drinking), psychiatric disorders, and functional impairment. Multinomial logistic regression models examined the association between the predictors and the 3 AUD severity levels (mild, moderate, and severe) vs the reference group, no AUD, controlling for sociodemographic characteristics and other substance use.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All alcohol use validators were associated with a greater likelihood of all 3 AUD severity levels compared with the no\u2010AUD group. However, psychiatric disorders were associated only with severe AUD and participants with major depression (aOR\u00a0=\u00a02.44), posttraumatic stress disorder (aOR\u00a0=\u00a01.65), borderline personality disorder (aOR\u00a0=\u00a01.99), and antisocial personality disorder (aOR\u00a0=\u00a01.78) had a greater likelihood of severe AUD than the no\u2010AUD group. Functioning validators were also associated only with severe AUD and participants with social (aOR\u00a0=\u00a01.87), physical (aOR\u00a0=\u00a01.62), or mental (aOR\u00a0=\u00a01.84) impairment had a greater likelihood of severe AUD than the no\u2010AUD group. Many alcohol\u2010related, psychiatric, and functioning validators were associated with greater odds of severe AUD than mild or moderate AUD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study supports the criterion validity of the DSM\u20105 tri\u2010categorical measure of AUD. Specifically, results fully supported the validity of severe AUD by its associations with all predictors, whereas the validity of mild and moderate AUD was supported only by alcohol use predictor variables. Findings suggest the value of using severity\u2010specific interventions utilizing the DSM\u20105 AUD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.14701","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,28]],"date-time":"2021-09-28T06:04:42Z","timestamp":1632809082000},"page":"2118-2129","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Correlates of mild, moderate, and severe Alcohol Use Disorder among adults with problem substance use: Validity implications for DSM\u20105"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Zachary L.","family":"Mannes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health New York New York USA"},{"name":"New York State Psychiatric Institute New York New York 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