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Traits associated with ongoing brain maturation during this period, including impulsivity in emotional contexts, could contribute to risky alcohol use.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study examined brain network activation strength during an emotional inhibitory control task (Go\u2010NoGo), which required participants to ignore background images with negative or neutral emotional valence during performance. Participants were 60 college freshmen (aged 18\u201320\u00a0years, 33 women). Survey measures, completed at baseline and one\u2010year follow\u2010up (follow\u2010up <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a052, 29 women), assessed alcohol misuse alcohol use disorders identification test (AUDIT), alcohol\/substance use counseling center assessment of psychological symptoms (C\u2010CAPS), and negative consequences of alcohol use young adult alcohol consequences questionnaire (YAACQ). Measures were examined relative to network activation strength, on the Negative NoGo\u00a0&gt;\u00a0Neutral NoGo contrast, of four large\u2010scale brain networks implicated in top\u2010down regulation of cognition and attention: right and left lateral frontoparietal networks (rL\u2010FPN; lL\u2010FPN), dorsal attention network (DAN), and salience network (SN).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Activation strength of DAN was negatively associated with scores on the AUDIT (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.013) and YAACQ (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.004) at baseline, and with C\u2010CAPS score at baseline and follow\u2010up (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.002; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.005), and positively associated with accuracy on NoGo trials with negative backgrounds (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.014). Activation strength of rL\u2010FPN was positively associated with C\u2010CAPS score at follow\u2010up (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.003). SN activation strength was negatively associated with accuracy on NoGo trials with negative (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) and neutral (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.002) backgrounds and with the accuracy difference between negative versus neutral NoGo trials (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.003).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>These findings suggest that less engagement of large\u2010scale brain circuitry that supports top\u2010down attentional control, specifically during negative emotions, is associated with more problematic drinking in emerging adults who attend college. This pattern of network activation may serve as a risk marker for ongoing self\u2010regulation deficits during negative emotion that could increase risk of problematic alcohol use and negative impacts of drinking.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.14782","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,27]],"date-time":"2022-01-27T12:25:00Z","timestamp":1643286300000},"page":"410-421","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Large\u2010scale brain network activation during emotional inhibitory control: Associations with alcohol misuse in college freshmen"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4975-3500","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia E.","family":"Cohen\u2010Gilbert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurodevelopmental Laboratory on Addictions and Mental Health McLean Hospital  Belmont Massachusetts 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