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The present study examined within\u2010person associations between impulsivity, alcohol expectancies, alcohol use, and alcohol problems to inform daily process models of drinking and test the APM.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Participants were 89 college student drinkers who completed momentary reports (three random and two user\u2010initiated reports) for 14\u2009days. Multilevel mediation analyses examined whether daily associations between impulsivity and alcohol use and problems were mediated by positive and negative expectancies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Daily impulsivity was positively associated with daily positive expectancies, prior to drinking. Greater daily positive expectancies were associated with more alcohol consumed and alcohol problems that day. The indirect effects were significant, indicating greater than usual impulsivity was associated with greater alcohol use and alcohol problems through greater positive expectancies. Impulsivity was positively associated with negative expectancies at the within\u2010subject and between\u2010subject levels, but negative expectancies did not serve as a mediator between impulsivity and either alcohol outcome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is the first study to test the APM at the day level. Findings supported daily fluctuations in beliefs regarding the positive effects of alcohol as a salient mechanism explaining the link between daily impulsivity and level of alcohol use. Because impulsivity was linked to changes in expectancy states that were proximal to drinking that day, this information may be used to develop prevention and intervention programs to reduce alcohol harms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.15023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,6]],"date-time":"2023-03-06T15:00:35Z","timestamp":1678114835000},"page":"540-548","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Daily impulsivity and alcohol expectancies: A multilevel examination of the acquired preparedness model"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6759-1242","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amy L.","family":"Stamates","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Rhode Island  Kingston Rhode Island USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2072-5477","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cathy","family":"Lau\u2010Barraco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Old Dominion University  Norfolk Virginia USA"},{"name":"Virginia Consortium Program in Clinical Psychology  Norfolk Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2259-1094","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abby L.","family":"Braitman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Old Dominion University  Norfolk Virginia USA"},{"name":"Virginia Consortium Program in Clinical Psychology  Norfolk Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0080576"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15288\/jsa.2003.64.384"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.022\u20103506.2005.00362.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/agh048"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0146167200263008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2011.12.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01173415"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469\u20107610.2007.01826.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0022997"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.69.5.990"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15288\/jsad.2011.72.602"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022\u2010006X.72.2.155"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1369\u20101600.2009.00190.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022\u2010006X.66.3.579"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10862\u2010005\u20100631\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","first-page":"203","volume-title":"Psychological theories of drinking and alcoholism","author":"Goldman M.S.","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Griffin S.A. 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