{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T19:36:07Z","timestamp":1787168167522,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,17]],"date-time":"2023-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676592000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020866","name":"Canada Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Research Network","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020866","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Alcohol: Clinical and Experimental Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) resulting from prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder, but substantial interindividual heterogeneity complicates timely and accurate assessment, diagnosis, and intervention. The current study aimed to identify classes of children and adolescents with PAE assessed for FASD according to their pattern of significant neurodevelopmental functioning across 10 domains using latent class analysis (LCA), and to characterize these subgroups across clinical features.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data from the Canadian National FASD Database, a large ongoing repository of anonymized clinical data received from diagnostic clinics across Canada, was analyzed using a retrospective cross\u2010sectional cohort design. The sample included 1440 children and adolescents ages 6 to 17\u2009years (M\u00a0=\u00a011.0, SD\u00a0=\u00a03.5, 41.7% female) with confirmed PAE assessed for FASD between 2016 and 2020.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Results revealed an optimal four\u2010class solution. The\n                      <jats:italic>Global needs<\/jats:italic>\n                      group was characterized by high overall neurodevelopmental impairment considered severe in nature. The\n                      <jats:italic>Regulation<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Cognitive needs<\/jats:italic>\n                      groups presented with moderate but substantively distinguishable patterns of significant neurodevelopmental impairment. The\n                      <jats:italic>Attention needs<\/jats:italic>\n                      group was characterized by relatively low probabilities of significant neurodevelopmental impairment. Both the\n                      <jats:italic>Global<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Regulation needs<\/jats:italic>\n                      groups also presented with the highest probabilities of clinical needs, further signifying potential substantive differences in assessment and intervention needs across classes.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Four relatively distinct subgroups were present in a large heterogeneous sample of children and adolescents with PAE assessed for FASD in Canada. These findings may inform clinical services by guiding clinicians to identify distinct service pathways for these subgroups, potentially increasing access to a more personalized treatment approach and improving outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.15028","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,17]],"date-time":"2023-02-17T05:44:37Z","timestamp":1676612677000},"page":"772-785","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Latent classes of neurodevelopmental profiles and needs in children and adolescents with prenatal alcohol exposure"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4569-7529","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaitlyn","family":"McLachlan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Guelph  Guelph Ontario 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