{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T00:34:12Z","timestamp":1747182852943,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,27]],"date-time":"2024-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708992000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AA025641"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AA025641"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Alcohol, Clinical and Experimental Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>There is little research on group process for motivational interviewing\u2010based group interventions with young people. We examine how change talk, group climate and cohesion, and facilitator empathy among emerging adults experiencing homelessness affect their drinking outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data come from a clinical trial at three drop\u2010in centers serving emerging adults experiencing homelessness in Los Angeles County and focus on those who received the intervention (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009132). Participants completed baseline, 3\u2010, 6\u2010, and 12\u2010month follow\u2010up surveys. They were predominantly male and non\u2010white. Group sessions were digitally recorded and coded for percentage change talk (PCT), group climate and cohesion, and facilitator empathy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Because baseline alcohol use was significantly higher at site 1 than sites 2 and 3, we examined associations separately by site. At 6\u2009months, higher PCT was associated with fewer drinks per drinking day for sites 2 and 3, whereas higher PCT was associated with more drinks per drinking day for site 1. There were no effects of PCT at 12\u2009months. Higher group cohesion scores were associated with fewer drinking days at 6\u2009months; higher facilitator empathy was associated with fewer maximum drinks in a day at both 6 and 12 months. Group climate was not associated with drinking outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>These findings highlight the importance of measuring multiple factors in the group process to understand outcomes. What is \u201cuttered\u201d during group and what is observed provide different methods to evaluate the group process and allow us to\u00a0better bridge the gap between research and practice.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.15272","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,27]],"date-time":"2024-02-27T15:00:15Z","timestamp":1709046015000},"page":"556-566","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Understanding effects of the group process on drinking outcomes for emerging adults experiencing homelessness"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8527-7804","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth J.","family":"D'Amico","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"RAND Corporation  Santa Monica California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6565-4481","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jon M.","family":"Houck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mind Research Network  Albuquerque New Mexico USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric R.","family":"Pedersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Keck School University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David J.","family":"Klein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RAND Corporation  Santa Monica California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RAND Corporation  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joan S.","family":"Tucker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RAND Corporation  Santa Monica California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13284207.2020.1829944"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0020257"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1940-0640-7-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajad.13340"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/pst0000173"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0038155"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/adb0000288"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/pst0000175"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1049731509347855"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/pst0000172"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0039740"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10538712.2017.1287146"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10497323221110694"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cpsp.12307"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/adb0000107"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","unstructured":"Houck J.M. 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