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This systematic review identified studies that investigated the gut microbiome in individuals with an AUD or an AALD. A search was conducted on October 27, 2022, in <jats:italic>PubMed<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Web of Science<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Embase<\/jats:italic> databases. Fifty studies satisfied eligibility criteria. Most studies found evidence for gut dysbiosis in individuals with AUD and AALD. Microbiome intervention studies have mostly been conducted in AALD patients; fecal microbial transplant interventions show the most promise. Because most studies were conducted cross\u2010sectionally, the causal relationship between the gut microbiome and alcohol use is unknown. Furthermore, almost all studies have been conducted in predominantly male populations, leaving critical questions regarding sex differences and generalizability of the findings. The study summaries and recommendations provided in this review seek to identify areas for further research and to highlight potential gut microbial interventions for treating AUD and AALD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.15338","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,9]],"date-time":"2024-05-09T02:58:15Z","timestamp":1715223495000},"page":"1221-1242","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The gut microbiome in alcohol use disorder and alcohol\u2010associated liver disease: A systematic review of clinical studies"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5528-4918","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erica N.","family":"Grodin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of California, Los Angeles  Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences University of California, Los Angeles  Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"Brain Research Institute University of California, Los Angeles  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4005-5885","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth M.","family":"Burnette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brain Research Institute University of California, Los Angeles  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Crystal","family":"Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of California, Los Angeles  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer A.","family":"Fulcher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases David Gefen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5734-9444","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lara A.","family":"Ray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of California, Los Angeles  Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences University of California, Los Angeles  Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"Brain Research Institute University of California, Los Angeles  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.14383"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2021.2007042"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2022.104033"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2020.1758010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.31.5.395"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.09.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.31496"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2013.12.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2019.1580097"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2019.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-15-753"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-020-02654-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-23146-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.14949"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0119362"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3346"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2010.01664.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(18)30337-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.13527"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1742-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","first-page":"184","article-title":"Metagenomic analysis of taxonomic and functional changes in gut microbiota of patients with the alcohol dependence syndrome. 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