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Despite a high prevalence of co\u2010use of alcohol and cannabis, most studies of cannabis use and sleep do not consider alcohol use. We sought to add to this literature by examining associations between cannabis and sleep in the context of alcohol co\u2010use and to examine these associations bidirectionally using ecological momentary assessment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Participants were 88 adults reporting cannabis use at least 3\u00d7\/week and simultaneous alcohol and cannabis use at least 2\u00d7\/week. For 14\u2009days, participants completed morning surveys assessing hours slept and perceived sleep quality from the night before. In morning surveys, random surveys, and substance\u2010specific surveys, participants also reported on alcohol and cannabis craving, use, and amounts.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Primary results from multilevel models demonstrated that cannabis use was not independently associated with sleep (duration or quality). However, cannabis use attenuated alcohol's negative effects on sleep quality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Results question the utility of cannabis use to improve sleep but highlight the attenuated negative effects of alcohol as a potential reinforcer of alcohol\u2010cannabis co\u2010use. Future work should continue to consider polysubstance use and integrate additional self\u2010report and objective measures of sleep health to further clarify how cannabis use affects sleep.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.15448","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,9]],"date-time":"2024-10-09T03:55:02Z","timestamp":1728446102000},"page":"2099-2112","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Bidirectional associations between sleep and cannabis and alcohol (co\u2010)use in daily life"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Andrea M.","family":"Wycoff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of Missouri  Columbia Missouri USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0624-1414","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mary 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