{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T15:35:12Z","timestamp":1791041712478,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,31]],"date-time":"2024-10-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730332800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Alcohol, Clinical and Experimental Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Alcohol\u2010related liver disease (ALD) is the leading indication for liver transplantation in the United States. The aim of this study was to describe the impact of phosphatidylethanol (PEth) in the surveillance for alcohol use after liver transplantation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a single\u2010center retrospective study to assess the impact of phosphatidylethanol (PEth) for the surveillance of alcohol use and its correlation to health outcomes. We compared orthotopic liver transplant (OLT) recipients for ALD transplanted between 2016 and 2018, before the introduction of PEth, to those transplanted between 2019 and 2022, after the introduction of PEth. Alcohol relapse versus nonrelapse cohorts were also compared. Follow\u2010up time for all cohorts was limited to 3\u2009years post\u2010OLT. Continuous variables were analyzed with an independent <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2010test and categorical variables with Fischer's exact test and chi\u2010square test. The Kaplan\u2013Meier method and log\u2010rank test were used to assess alcohol\u2010free survival.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We reviewed 263 patients who were transplanted for ALD; 46 (17.5%) patients were noted to have at least one episode of alcohol relapse after their transplant. Patients with alcohol relapse had more frequent episodes of elevated liver enzymes compared with nonrelapsed patients (4.35 episodes vs. 2.46 episodes respectively, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). The number of hospitalizations was also noted to be elevated among relapsed versus nonrelapsed patients; however, this was not statistically significant (2.85 vs. 2.50 respectively, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.307). When comparing relapse rates before and after the introduction of PEth, relapses were notably detected more frequently after the introduction of PEth (17% vs. 7%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.012). No difference was noted in rates of mortality between patients who did or did not relapse.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall, PEth is an effective surveillance tool in the postliver transplant population to monitor for alcohol relapse. Early detection of relapse can lead to opportunities for early intervention to avoid alcohol\u2010related complications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.15474","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]],"date-time":"2024-11-01T05:45:28Z","timestamp":1730439928000},"page":"2404-2411","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Impact of phosphatidylethanol in the surveillance for alcohol use in post\u2010liver transplant population: A retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5213-2780","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergio A.","family":"De La Torre","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of California at Los Angeles  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brittney","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of California at Los Angeles  Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"Department of Surgery University of California at Los Angeles  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Meneses","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery University of California at Los Angeles  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sammy","family":"Saab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of California at Los Angeles  Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"Department of Surgery University of California at Los Angeles  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9261-1639","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akshay","family":"Shetty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of California at Los Angeles  Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"Department of Surgery University of California at Los Angeles  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tri.12949"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/flgastro\u20102020\u2010101693"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.16143"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.2995"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.25647"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.13353"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","unstructured":"Global status report on alcohol and health 2018. 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