{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T15:40:12Z","timestamp":1791906012427,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,23]],"date-time":"2025-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742688000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,23]],"date-time":"2025-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742688000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Alcohol, Clinical and Experimental Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The investigation of glucagon\u2010like peptide 1 (GLP\u20101) receptor agonists (GLP\u20101RA) as a potential treatment for individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and obesity is currently underway. In this secondary analysis of a randomized placebo\u2010controlled trial, we included AUD patients with comorbid obesity and assessed the effect of the GLP\u20101RA exenatide versus placebo on alcohol consumption as measured by the alcohol biomarker phosphatidylethanol (PEth).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thirty AUD patients (9 females, 21 males), with an average age of 53\u2009years and a body mass index (BMI) of at least 30\u2009kg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      , were included in this secondary analysis. Blood samples for PEth were collected at baseline and at weeks 4, 12, 20, and 26. The effect of time and treatment on PEth levels was analyzed using a baseline\u2010adjusted linear mixed model.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A significant interaction between time and treatment was observed at Week 26, with PEth levels reduced by \u22120.9\u2009\n                      <jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>\n                      mol\/L in the exenatide group compared to placebo (95% CI [\u22121.6 to \u22120.1],\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.03). However, the difference in PEth blood levels between the exenatide and placebo groups was not significant at earlier time points.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This secondary analysis indicates that exenatide has a delayed yet significant impact on alcohol consumption in individuals with AUD and obesity, as assessed by PEth levels. These findings warrant further investigation, which is currently underway (NCT05895643).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.70041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,24]],"date-time":"2025-03-24T02:04:29Z","timestamp":1742781869000},"page":"1161-1165","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Blood phosphatidylethanol measurements indicate\n                    <scp>GLP<\/scp>\n                    \u20101 receptor stimulation causes delayed decreases in alcohol consumption"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2555-4785","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mathias E.","family":"Jensen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Frederiksberg University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mette K.","family":"Klausen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Frederiksberg University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marianne L.","family":"Bergmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Immunology University Hospital of Southern Denmark  Vejle Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gitte M.","family":"Knudsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurobiology Research Unit Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tina","family":"Vilsb\u00f8ll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen University of Copenhagen  Herlev Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"Stove","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ghent University  Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7143-1236","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anders","family":"Fink\u2010Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Frederiksberg University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen 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