{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T17:57:13Z","timestamp":1790013433710,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,6]],"date-time":"2025-06-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749168000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020320","name":"Institut pour la Recherche en Sant\u00e9 Publique","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SPAV1\u201023\u2010003\u20102023\u2010203"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SPAV1\u201023\u2010003\u20102023\u2010203"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020320","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Alcohol, Clinical and Experimental Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Immigration has increased globally, particularly in Europe. While past research has looked into substance use among immigrants, there is a gap in understanding how generational status affects these patterns. This systematic review aimed to synthesize existing data on the differences in prevalence rates of substance use among immigrants by generational status to provide a thorough understanding of how substance use rates and trends vary between generations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We systematically searched PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Medline, Cochrane, and Embase for cohort studies until June 2024 with no language restrictions. We included studies published between 1990 and 2023, conducted in Europe, that examined substance use prevalence among first\u2010generation immigrants (FGIs) and second\u2010generation immigrants (SGIs). Following the data extraction, the data were pooled using random\u2010effects meta\u2010analyses with odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) calculated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We identified 10 records from 157,426 articles screened, covering 2,652,732 individuals. The summary OR for alcohol use was 1.68 (95% CI: 1.32\u20132.13) with some variability in the results of individual studies, and women of second generation were found to be at higher risk, OR 1.85 (95% CI: 0.54\u20136.40). The OR for tobacco use was 1.18 (95% CI: 0.45\u20133.08), based on three effect estimates indicating an absence of significant difference between FGIs and SGIs. Regarding drug use, the OR was 2.50 (95% CI: 2.06\u20133.03), highlighting a significant association between drug use and SGI status.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The findings of this meta\u2010analysis indicate a higher risk of substance use among SGIs compared to FGIs, particularly for drug use and among women for alcohol use. These results highlight the need for further data on consumption patterns across generations to develop effective, culturally tailored intervention and prevention strategies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.70091","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,6]],"date-time":"2025-06-06T03:58:58Z","timestamp":1749182338000},"page":"1381-1391","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Substance use prevalence among immigrants by generational status in Europe: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Maha","family":"Najdini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire INTERPSY Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine  Nancy France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1568-907X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joris","family":"Mathieu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire CRFDP Universit\u00e9 de Rouen Normandie  Mont Saint Aignan France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G\u00e9rard","family":"Shadili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Adolescent and Young Adult Psychiatry Institut Mutualiste Montsouris  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antoine","family":"Frigaux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire INTERPSY Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine  Nancy France"},{"name":"Centre Psychoth\u00e9rapique de Nancy  Laxou France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ma\u00eb","family":"M\u00e9nauges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EHPAD Sainte\u2010Marthe \u2013 La Tour Blanche  La Tour\u2010Blanche\u2010Cercles France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Mouton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Association Est Accompagnement  Metz France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florence","family":"Gressier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CESP, INSERM U1018, Moods Team, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine Paris Saclay University Paris\u2010Saclay  Le Kremlin Bic\u00eatre France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3683-7019","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aziz","family":"Essadek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire INTERPSY Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine  Nancy France"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Hopital Saint\u2010Maurice  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2005.01.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00038\u2010017\u20101010\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2013.12.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2019.105830"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1363461517724985"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3917\/reco.616.1075"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2010.12.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0058654"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanepe.2023.100744"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2019.305337"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1516\u20104446\u20102017\u20102290"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1527154407301751"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev\u2010publhealth\u2010032013\u2010182419"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291716002105"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2021.108804"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","unstructured":"Critical Appraisal Skills Programme. 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