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Compliance with a state law prohibiting recreational cannabis sales to apparently intoxicated customers was assessed in one of the first states to legalize cannabis sales.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In January to June 2024, pseudo\u2010patrons twice visited recreational cannabis stores (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009189) in two large metropolitan areas and attempted to purchase cannabis while displaying alcohol intoxication behaviors. Observers recorded whether sellers were willing to sell the product along with characteristics of the stores (busyness, cleanliness, and signage) and cannabis sellers (sex, race and ethnicity, and age). Neighborhood characteristics by US census tract were obtained (income, race, and ethnicity; population density). Sex and race and ethnicity of the pseudo\u2010patrons, and extent and type of intoxication cues, were recorded. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used to describe the sales rate and predictors of the sales rate.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Assessments were completed at 173 stores. Sellers were willing to sell cannabis to pseudo\u2010intoxicated buyers at 255 of 346 visits (73.7%; 26.3% refused). Sellers refused buyers at both visits in 6.9% of stores but in 54.3% were willing to sell at both visits. Sellers refused cannabis sales at higher rates in stores with signs saying, \u201cno sales to intoxicated customers\u201d (34.3%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.04), particularly when buyers displayed more obvious signs of intoxication (39.8%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.049).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Low compliance with the state regulation possibly occurred because sellers were unaware of the law, perceived little deterrence, or lacked the skills to recognize and refuse intoxicated customers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Policy Implications<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Noncompliance with the law on selling cannabis to apparently alcohol\u2010intoxicated customers increases the risks of polysubstance impairment and harm.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.70204","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T15:00:17Z","timestamp":1769180417000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Noncompliance with laws to prevent polysubstance misuse: Recreational cannabis sales to apparently alcohol\u2010intoxicated customers"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6924-8026","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"W. 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Golden Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amanda N.","family":"Brice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klein Buendel, Inc.  Golden Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noah","family":"Chirico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klein Buendel, Inc.  Golden Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gary R.","family":"Cutter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health University of Alabama Birmingham  Birmingham Alabama USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2023.104000"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","unstructured":"Alcohol Policy Information System. (2025)Beverage service training and related practices. 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