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However, the timing and predictors of return to drinking (RTD) are not well\u2010studied.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analyzed alcohol use among patients with AH enrolled in two AlcHepNet multicenter studies: a Phase 2b randomized controlled trial and a prospective observational study. TimeLine FollowBack (TLFB) assessed drinking at each visit. RTD was defined as any alcohol use since the previous visit. The cumulative incidence of RTD was evaluated using the Fine\u2013Gray method, with death as a competing risk. Factors associated with RTD were evaluated using univariate and multivariate Cox regression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 518 patients alive at Day 28, RTD occurred in 7.7%, 21.7%, and 30.8% at 30, 90, and 180\u2009days, respectively. Patients with moderate AH (mAH, MELD 11\u201319,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009103) had a higher RTD incidence at 180\u2009days than those with severe AH (sAH, MELD \u226520,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009415) (44.3% vs. 27.5%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.01). RTD was associated with higher AUDIT scores, family history of alcohol use disorder (AUD), lower education, greater alcohol use at baseline, lower MELD scores, and less ascites (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\u2264\u20090.01). In multivariable analysis, &gt;20 drinking days in the prior month was associated with increased risk of RTD (HR: 3.46, 95% CI: 2.21\u20135.39), whereas college education or higher was protective (HR: 0.53, 95% CI: 0.32\u20130.88).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>RTD occurred in 22% of AH patients within 90\u2009days postrecovery, highlighting the need for early AUD interventions. Frequent drinking days at baseline and lower education were strongly linked to early RTD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.70263","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T15:00:21Z","timestamp":1775487621000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Assessment of early return to drinking in surviving patients with alcohol\u2010associated hepatitis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Thomas G.","family":"Cotter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center  Dallas Texas USA"},{"name":"Evidentis Clinical Research  Fort Worth Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mack C.","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center  Dallas Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4236-9135","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wanzhu","family":"Tu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science Indiana University  Indianapolis Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science Indiana University  Indianapolis Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunpeng","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science Indiana University  Indianapolis Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samer","family":"Gawrieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Indiana University  Indianapolis Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Craig J.","family":"McClain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine University of Louisville School of Medicine  Louisville Kentucky USA"},{"name":"Robley Rex Louisville VAMC  Louisville Kentucky USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramon","family":"Bataller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Nutrition University of Pittsburgh Medical Center  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Division of Hepatology Hospital Clinic  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naga","family":"Chalasani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Indiana University  Indianapolis Indiana 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