{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T09:16:33Z","timestamp":1791882993683,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776816000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":21,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K01AA026334"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01AA026334"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Alcohol, Clinical and Experimental Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A family history of alcohol use disorder (AUD) is associated with increased personal risk for alcohol misuse and AUD. Family history of AUD is also related to increased impulsivity as measured by delay discounting tasks, representing a potential mechanistic link between family history and alcohol misuse. Delay discounting tasks assess individual differences in preferences for smaller, immediate versus larger, delayed rewards, the former being linked to substance misuse. Decision\u2010making on such tasks is underpinned by multiple neural systems, including those supporting reward valuation, cognitive control, and future\u2010oriented thinking. We hypothesized that family history of AUD would be associated with differences in one or more neural systems related to delay discounting, with differences relating to increases in alcohol misuse in young adulthood.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We tested 163 first\u2010year college students (105 females, ages 18\u201319) with varying levels of familial risk for AUD on a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) delay discounting task. Alcohol misuse was self\u2010reported at baseline and in 3\u2010yearly follow\u2010up surveys using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). Change in alcohol misuse was modeled using a latent growth model, and we examined mediation between family history and alcohol misuse trajectory (AUDIT intercept and slope) through functional activation of brain regions implicated in reward valuation (nucleus accumbens), cognitive control (middle frontal gyrus), and future\u2010oriented thinking (hippocampus).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Family history of AUD was associated with greater nucleus accumbens activation (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.286, SE\u2009=\u20090.117,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.014), which in turn predicted a steeper AUDIT slope (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.513, SE\u2009=\u20090.162,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.002). No other mediators were significant.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our results demonstrate that nucleus accumbens function may be a key mechanism by which family history increases risk for alcohol misuse and AUD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.70300","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T10:15:44Z","timestamp":1776852944000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Intertemporal Decision\u2010Making, Nucleus Accumbens Activation, and Alcohol Use Trajectories in Young Adults With a Family History of Alcohol Use Disorder"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9027-1442","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amanda","family":"Elton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of Florida  Gainesville Florida USA"},{"name":"Department of Neuroscience University of Florida  Gainesville Florida USA"},{"name":"Center for Addiction Research &amp; Education University of Florida  Gainesville Florida USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychology and Neuroscience University of North Carolina  Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacqueline","family":"Aloumanis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience University of Florida  Gainesville Florida USA"},{"name":"Center for Addiction Research &amp; Education University of Florida  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"JeeWon","family":"Cheong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Addiction Research &amp; Education University of Florida  Gainesville Florida USA"},{"name":"Department of Health Education &amp; Behavior University of Florida  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. Hunter","family":"Allen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology and Neuroscience University of North Carolina  Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jill A.","family":"Star","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of Florida  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara Jo","family":"Nixon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of Florida  Gainesville Florida USA"},{"name":"Department of Neuroscience University of Florida  Gainesville Florida USA"},{"name":"Center for Addiction Research &amp; Education University of Florida  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.13535"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.53.8.1001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2008.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-2134(02)00541-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5319-08.2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2021.102772"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/cbmr.1996.0014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2013.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15288\/jsad.2015.76.47"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-2134(01)00293-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.26221"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-021-00993-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn_a_01069"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-018-0235-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2516"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.460020402"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.14799"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00952991003736397"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2010.01244.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.2112"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.13015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0035973"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(16)00104-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2019.106196"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291718001770"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00952990.2023.2238242"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-011-2229-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2018.6466"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci12070913"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4246-06.2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1100907"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beproc.2011.02.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2014.03.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","first-page":"507","volume-title":"Mplus, Handbook of Item Response Theory","author":"Muth\u00e9n B.","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2010.03.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2011.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2021.100942"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1993.tb02093.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","first-page":"22","article-title":"The Mini\u2010International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.): The Development and Validation of a Structured Diagnostic Psychiatric Interview for DSM\u2010IV and ICD\u201010","volume":"59","author":"Sheehan D. 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