{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T07:46:34Z","timestamp":1790840794750,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,1]],"date-time":"2012-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1351728000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Psychiatr Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study used voxel\u2010based morphometry (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VBM<\/jats:styled-content>) to investigate brain structural alterations related to trait dissociation and its relationship with post\u2010traumatic stress disorder (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSD<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty\u2010two subjects either developing (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a015) or non\u2010developing (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a017) <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSD<\/jats:styled-content> underwent <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRI<\/jats:styled-content> scanning and were assessed with the Dissociative Experience Scale (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DES<\/jats:styled-content>), subscales for pathological (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DES<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010T) and non\u2010pathological trait (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DES<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010A) dissociation, and other clinical measures. Gray matter volume (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GMV<\/jats:styled-content>) was analyzed using <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VBM<\/jats:styled-content> as implemented in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SPM<\/jats:styled-content>. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSD<\/jats:styled-content> and non\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSD<\/jats:styled-content> subjects were compared to assess brain alterations related to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSD<\/jats:styled-content> pathology, whereas correlation analyses between dissociation measures and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GMV<\/jats:styled-content> were performed on the whole sample (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a032), irrespective of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSD<\/jats:styled-content> diagnosis, to identify alterations related to trait dissociation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>As compared to traumatized controls, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSD<\/jats:styled-content> subjects showed reduced <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GMV<\/jats:styled-content> in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and lingual gyrus. Correlations with dissociation measures (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DES<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> DES<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010T, and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DES<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010A) consistently showed increased <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GMV<\/jats:styled-content> in the medial and lateral prefrontal, orbitofrontal, parahippocampal, temporal polar, and inferior parietal cortices.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSD<\/jats:styled-content> and dissociation seem to be associated with opposite volumetric patterns in the prefrontal cortex. Trait dissociation appears to involve increased <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GMV<\/jats:styled-content> in prefrontal, paralimbic, and parietal cortices, with negligible differences between pathological and non\u2010pathological dissociation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.12026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,1]],"date-time":"2012-11-01T06:51:11Z","timestamp":1351752671000},"page":"222-233","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["Gray matter volume alterations related to trait dissociation in <scp>PTSD<\/scp> and traumatized controls"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"128","author":[{"given":"D.","family":"Nardo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroimaging Laboratory Santa Lucia Foundation Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"H\u00f6gberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neuroscience Section for Psychiatry Huddinge Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. 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