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We investigated the association between\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      and changes in\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BDNF<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      and cytokines plasma levels in children.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We recruited 36 children with trauma (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      +) and 26 children without trauma (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u2010). The presence of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      was based on a clinical interview and by Criteria A of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DSM<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u2010\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      criteria for\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      . Blood samples were drawn from all children to assess\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BDNF<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      and cytokines.\n                      <jats:sc>ancova<\/jats:sc>\n                      was performed with psychiatric symptoms and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      as covariates to evaluate group differences in plasma levels.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      + showed increased levels of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BDNF<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNF<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u2010\u03b1 after excluding children with history of inflammatory disease (\n                      <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;\u00a00.05) when compared with those\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u2010.\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u201012p70,\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u20106,\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u20108,\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u201010, and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u20101\u03b2 levels were not statistically different between groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      + showed increased\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BDNF<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      and proinflammatory cytokines levels. The increase in\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BDNF<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      levels may be an attempt to neutralize the negative effects of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      , while an increase in\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNF<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u2010a levels be associated with a proinflammatory state after\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      . How these changes associated with trauma relate to other biological changes and illness trajectory later in life remain to be further studied.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.12358","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,17]],"date-time":"2014-11-17T07:19:38Z","timestamp":1416208778000},"page":"360-368","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Brain\u2010derived neurotrophic factor and inflammatory markers in school\u2010aged children with early trauma"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"131","author":[{"given":"J.","family":"B\u00fccker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bipolar Disorder Program and Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry National Institute for Translational Medicine INCT\u2010TM Hospital de Cl\u00ednicas de Porto Alegre Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G. R.","family":"Fries","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bipolar Disorder Program and Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry National Institute for Translational Medicine INCT\u2010TM Hospital de Cl\u00ednicas de Porto Alegre Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil"},{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s\u2010Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas: Bioqu\u00edmica Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Kapczinski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bipolar Disorder Program and Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry National Institute for Translational Medicine INCT\u2010TM Hospital de Cl\u00ednicas de Porto Alegre Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. 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