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Here, we examined the ability of women diagnosed with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSD<\/jats:styled-content> related to childhood abuse to discriminate affective prosody, a central component of social cognition.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>Women with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSD<\/jats:styled-content> and healthy controls (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HC<\/jats:styled-content>s) completed two computer\u2010based tasks assessing affective prosody: (i) recognition (categorizing foreign\u2010language excerpts as angry, fearful, sad, or happy) and (ii) discrimination (identifying whether two excerpts played consecutively had the \u2018same\u2019 or \u2018different\u2019 emotion). The association of performance with symptom presentation, trauma history, and interpersonal functioning was also explored.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Women with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSD<\/jats:styled-content> were slower than <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HC<\/jats:styled-content>s at identifying happiness, sadness, and fear, but not anger in the speech excerpts. The presence of dissociative symptoms was related to reduced accuracy on the discrimination task. An increased severity of childhood trauma was associated with reduced accuracy on the discrimination task and with slower identification of emotional prosody.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Exposure to childhood trauma is associated with long\u2010term, atypical development in the interpretation of prosodic cues in speech. The findings have implications for the intergenerational transmission of trauma.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.12364","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,17]],"date-time":"2014-11-17T12:18:56Z","timestamp":1416226736000},"page":"342-349","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Comprehension of affective prosody in women with post\u2010traumatic stress disorder related to childhood abuse"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"131","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Nazarov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada"},{"name":"Mood Disorders Program St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton Hamilton ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Frewen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of Western Ontario London ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Oremus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada"},{"name":"Mood Disorders Program St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton Hamilton ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E. 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