{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T03:25:49Z","timestamp":1793244349434,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":148,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,15]],"date-time":"2015-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1429056000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Psychiatr Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To perform a meta\u2010analysis on studies reporting prevalence of\n                      <jats:italic>\n                        <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>\n                        oxoplasma gondii\n                      <\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>\n                        <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>\n                        .\u00a0gondii\n                      <\/jats:italic>\n                      ) infection in any psychiatric disorder compared with healthy controls. Our secondary objective was to analyze factors possibly moderating heterogeneity.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A systematic search was performed to identify studies into\n                      <jats:italic>\n                        <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>\n                        .\u00a0gondii\n                      <\/jats:italic>\n                      infection for all major psychiatric disorders versus healthy controls. Methodological quality, publication bias, and possible moderators were assessed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 2866 citations were retrieved and 50 studies finally included. Significant odds ratios (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s) with\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      g\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      antibodies were found in schizophrenia (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      1.81,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.00001), bipolar disorder (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      1.52,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.02), obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      3.4,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001), and addiction (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      1.91,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.00001), but not for major depression (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      1.21,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.28). Exploration of the association between\n                      <jats:italic>\n                        <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>\n                        .\u00a0gondii\n                      <\/jats:italic>\n                      and schizophrenia yielded a significant effect of seropositivity before onset and serointensity, but not\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      g\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      antibodies or gender. The amplitude of the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      was influenced by region and general seroprevalence. Moderators together accounted for 56% of the observed variance in study effects. After controlling for publication bias, the adjusted\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      (1.43) in schizophrenia remained significant.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      These findings suggest that\n                      <jats:italic>\n                        <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>\n                        .\u00a0gondii\n                      <\/jats:italic>\n                      infection is associated with several psychiatric disorders and that in schizophrenia reactivation of latent\n                      <jats:italic>\n                        <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>\n                        .\u00a0gondii\n                      <\/jats:italic>\n                      infection may occur.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.12423","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,16]],"date-time":"2015-04-16T01:08:54Z","timestamp":1429146534000},"page":"161-179","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":413,"title":["Beyond the association.\n                    <i>\n                      <scp>T<\/scp>\n                      oxoplasma gondii\n                    <\/i>\n                    in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and addiction: systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"132","author":[{"given":"A. 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