{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T19:35:20Z","timestamp":1783193720462,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,30]],"date-time":"2016-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1459296000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Miguel Servet Contract","award":["CP13\/00150"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CP13\/00150"]}]},{"name":"ISCIII-General Branch Evaluation and Promotion of Health Research"},{"name":"European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Psychiatr Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess the association between psychotic symptoms and smoking among community\u2010dwelling adults in 44 countries.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data from the World Health Survey (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WHS<\/jats:styled-content>) for 192 474 adults aged \u226518 years collected in 2002\u20132004 were analyzed. The Composite International Diagnostic Interview was used to identify four types of past 12\u2010month psychotic symptoms. Smoking referred to current daily and non\u2010daily smoking. Heavy smoking was defined as smoking \u226530 tobacco products\/day.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The pooled age\u2013sex\u2010adjusted <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content> (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>) of psychotic symptoms (i.e., at least one psychotic symptom) for smoking was 1.35 (1.27\u20131.43). After adjustment for potential confounders, compared to those with no psychotic symptoms, the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>s (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>s) for smoking for 1, 2, and \u22653 psychotic symptoms were 1.20 (1.08\u20131.32), 1.25 (1.08\u20131.45), and 1.36 (1.13\u20131.64) respectively. Among daily smokers, psychotic symptoms were associated with heavy smoking (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content> = 1.45, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> = 1.10\u20131.92), and individuals who initiated daily smoking at \u226415 years of age were 1.22 (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> = 1.05\u20131.42) times more likely to have psychotic symptoms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>An increased awareness that psychotic symptoms are associated with smoking is important from a public health and clinical point of view. Future studies that investigate the underlying link between psychotic symptoms and smoking prospectively are warranted.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.12566","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,31]],"date-time":"2016-03-31T20:56:22Z","timestamp":1459457782000},"page":"497-505","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Psychotic symptoms and smoking in 44 countries"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"133","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Koyanagi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de D\u00e9u Universitat de Barcelona, Fundaci\u00f3 Sant Joan de D\u00e9u Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Salud Mental CIBERSAM Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Stickley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Stockholm Centre for Health and Social Change (SCOHOST) S\u00f6dert\u00f6rn University Huddinge Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. 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