{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T18:29:12Z","timestamp":1788805752033,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,7]],"date-time":"2016-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1475798400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Vetenskapsr\u00e5det","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Psychiatr Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To examine the association between different levels of childhood attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>) symptoms and sex differences in psychosocial outcomes during adolescence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>Swedish children (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 4635) were screened for neuropsychiatric symptoms at age 9 or 12. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ADHD<\/jats:styled-content> symptoms were divided into three levels: screen\u2010negative, screen\u2010intermediate, and screen\u2010positive. At follow\u2010up (age 15), parents and teenagers filled out questionnaires regarding (i) hyperactivity\/inattention, (ii) peer problems, (iii) school problems, (iv) internalizing problems, (v) antisocial behaviour, (vi) alcohol misuse, and (vii) drug misuse. All outcomes were controlled for symptoms of diagnostic categories other than <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Increasing levels of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ADHD<\/jats:styled-content> symptoms in childhood were associated with higher proportions of adolescents who displayed negative psychosocial outcomes. More girls than boys reported internalizing problems (all levels) and risky drug use (screen\u2010intermediate and screen\u2010positive only). More boys reported antisocial behaviour at the screen\u2010negative and screen\u2010intermediate levels, but at the screen\u2010positive level, similar proportions of girls and boys displayed antisocial behaviour.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The findings support the view that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ADHD<\/jats:styled-content> symptoms, as well as their negative outcomes, are dimensionally distributed in the population and that adolescent girls and boys display different risk profiles. The findings confirm that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ADHD<\/jats:styled-content> symptoms are associated with higher risk of drug misuse in girls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.12655","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,13]],"date-time":"2016-10-13T03:15:12Z","timestamp":1476328512000},"page":"533-545","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Subthreshold and threshold attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms in childhood: psychosocial outcomes in adolescence in boys and girls"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"134","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6104-7836","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"E.","family":"Nor\u00e9n Selinus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neuroscience Centre for Psychiatry Research &amp; Education Karolinska Institutet &amp; Stockholm County Council Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Molero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neuroscience Centre for Psychiatry Research &amp; Education Karolinska Institutet &amp; Stockholm County Council Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Lichtenstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Anckars\u00e4ter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Ethics, Law and Mental Health (CELAM) University of Gothenburg G\u00f6teborg Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Lundstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Ethics, Law and Mental Health (CELAM) University of Gothenburg G\u00f6teborg Sweden"},{"name":"Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre University of Gothenburg G\u00f6teborg Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Bottai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Biostatistics IMM Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Hellner Gumpert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neuroscience Centre for Psychiatry Research &amp; Education Karolinska Institutet &amp; Stockholm County Council Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"104","article-title":"The worldwide prevalence of ADHD: is it an American condition?","volume":"2","author":"Faraone SV","year":"2003","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.2006.163.4.716"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.2007.164.6.942"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","first-page":"10","article-title":"Major life activity and health outcomes associated with attention\u2010deficit\/hyperactivity disorder","volume":"63","author":"Barkley RA","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200102000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","first-page":"370","volume-title":"DSM\u2010IV\u2010TR","author":"APA","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"APA","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2009.12.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.64.10.1145"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.113.126524"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/jsl054"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.112.3.497"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-013-0436-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2012.12.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v67n0403"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2007.01750.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.159.1.36"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.02.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e31816429d3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2011.01797.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.156.10.1515"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2006.01976a.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.74.3.489"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15374410701274066"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.chi.0000153232.64968.c1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1087054710362217"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1087054711416909"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psc.2010.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2012.02567.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.112.123562"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-201006000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1781(94)90092-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00023210-200620020-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.162.6.1083"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0021405"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-013-0501-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-013-0514-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S003329170500471X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2016.0383"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2015.14101266"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2016.0465"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2016.0400"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2008.00894.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2009.02117.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2011.02363.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1375\/twin.14.6.495"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.187.3.262"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-10-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.23460"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/08039480903514443"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200111000-00015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-014-0546-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0032025"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ab.10047"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","volume-title":"Explaining delinquency and drug use","author":"Elliot DS","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1086\/449291","volume-title":"The self\u2010report methodology in crime research","author":"Junger\u2010Tas J","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"RDC \u2010 Ministry of Justice","author":"Junger\u2010Tas J","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","unstructured":"2000 Brottsf\u00f6rebyggande R\u00e5det Stockholm Sweden Ring J St\u00f6ld v\u00e5ld och droger bland pojkar och flickor i \u00e5rskurs nio 1 70"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","volume-title":"Skolelevers drogvanor 2014","author":"CAN","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10802-007-9160-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-13-233"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/03.15.PR0.114k10w1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00048670903282733"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/108705470200500302"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2009.02152.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1087054709332458"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-003-0309-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/13682820902745438"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022219412467058"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01447474"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.157.5.816"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-7610.t01-1-00104"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_75_1","unstructured":"BrembergS DalmanC.Begrepp m\u00e4tmetoder och f\u00f6rekomst av psykisk h\u00e4lsa psykisk oh\u00e4lsa och psykiatriska tillst\u00e5nd hos barn och unga \u2013 EN KUNSKAPS\u00d6VERSIKT.2015."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2010.127"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0029451"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-006-1003-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-009-0755-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12402-014-0142-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2009.09050736"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1087054710361586"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2010.09.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2011.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291708003917"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00238-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10519-012-9580-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1466-9218.2000.00027.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1375\/twin.5.2.125"}],"container-title":["Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Facps.12655","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Facps.12655","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/acps.12655","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/acps.12655","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/acps.12655","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,24]],"date-time":"2023-09-24T16:06:15Z","timestamp":1695571575000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/acps.12655"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,7]]},"references-count":88,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/acps.12655"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/acps.12655","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-690X","1600-0447"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-690X","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0447","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,7]]}}}