{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:43:02Z","timestamp":1787013782996,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,6]],"date-time":"2016-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1480982400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Psychiatr Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Therapeutic drug monitoring (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TDM<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) of clozapine is standardized to 12\u2010h postdose samplings. In clinical settings, sampling time often deviates from this time point, although the importance of the deviation is unknown. To this end, serum concentrations (s\u2010) of clozapine and its metabolite N\u2010desmethyl\u2010clozapine (norclozapine) were measured at 12 \u00b1 1 and 2 h postdose.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Forty\u2010six patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia, and on stable clozapine treatment, were enrolled for hourly, venous blood sampling at 10\u201314 h postdose.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Minor changes in median percentage values were observed for both s\u2010clozapine (\u22128.4%) and s\u2010norclozapine (+1.2%) across the 4\u2010h time span. Maximum individual differences were 42.8% for s\u2010clozapine and 38.4% for s\u2010norclozapine. Compared to 12\u2010h values, maximum median differences were 8.4% for s\u2010clozapine and 7.3% for s\u2010norclozapine at deviations of \u00b12 h. Maximum individual differences were 52.6% for s\u2010clozapine and 105.0% for s\u2010norclozapine. The magnitude of s\u2010clozapine differences was significantly associated with age, body mass index and the presence of chronic basophilia or monocytosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The impact of deviations in clozapine\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TDM<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      sampling time, within the time span of 10\u201314 h postdose, seems of minor importance when looking at median percentage differences. However, substantial individual differences were observed, which implies a need to adhere to a fixed sampling time.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.12673","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,6]],"date-time":"2016-12-06T07:57:04Z","timestamp":1481011024000},"page":"159-169","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["The significance of sampling time in therapeutic drug monitoring of clozapine"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"135","author":[{"given":"M. I.","family":"Jakobsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen and Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology Rigshospitalet Copenhagen O Denmark"},{"name":"Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen N Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. 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