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Religiosity was assessed in terms of attendance and importance of religious\/spiritual activities, while resilience was assessed using the 25\u2010item Resilience Scale. General linear models were used to test whether higher religiosity will be associated with higher resilience, higher social functioning, and lower psychopathology. The association between levels of spiritual well\u2010being and resilience was also examined.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Attendance of religious services (\n                      <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>[4,365]<\/jats:sub>\n                      = 0.827,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.509) and importance of religion\/spirituality (\n                      <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>[3,365]<\/jats:sub>\n                      = 1.513,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.211) did not show significant associations with resilience. Regarding clinical measures, a modest association between higher importance of religion\/spirituality and residual manic symptoms was observed in bipolar patients (\n                      <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>[3,118]<\/jats:sub>\n                      = 3.120,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.029). In contrast to the findings regarding religiosity, spiritual well\u2010being showed a strong positive correlation with resilience (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.584,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The protective effect of religiosity in terms of resilience, social functioning, and psychopathology was not evident in our sample. Spiritual well\u2010being appears more relevant to resilience than religiosity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.12838","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,15]],"date-time":"2017-11-15T12:42:37Z","timestamp":1510749757000},"page":"316-327","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Religiosity and psychological resilience in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: an international cross\u2010sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"137","author":[{"given":"Y.","family":"Mizuno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry Keio University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Department of Psychosis Studies Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology &amp; Neuroscience King's College London London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5834-4258","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.","family":"Hofer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics Medical University Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Frajo\u2010Apor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics Medical University Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Wartelsteiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics Medical University Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Kemmler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics Medical University Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Pardeller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics Medical University Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry Keio University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Ethics Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi Yamanashi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Mimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry Keio University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W. 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