{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T18:49:20Z","timestamp":1791830960363,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,18]],"date-time":"2020-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589760000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Psychiatr Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To compare the\u00a0gut microbiome profile (by way of taxon analysis and indices of \u03b2\u2010 and \u03b1\u2010diversity) and inflammatory markers (C\u2010reactive protein [CRP], interleukin\u20106[IL\u20106] and tumour necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 [TNF\u2010\u03b1]) of obsessive\u2010compulsive disorder (OCD) outpatients and non\u2010psychiatric community controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We collected morning stool and blood samples from 21 non\u2010depressed, medication\u2010free OCD patients and 22 age\u2010 and sex\u2010matched non\u2010psychiatric community controls. Microbiota analysis was performed using Illumina sequencing of the V3 region of 16S rRNA; serum CRP samples were analysed using immunoturbidimetry and plasma IL\u20106\/TNF\u2010\u03b1 were examined by high\u2010sensitivity ELISA. Multiple comparisons were corrected for using the false discovery rate (<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared to controls, the OCD group presented lower species richness\/evenness (\u03b1\u2010diversity, Inverse Simpson) and lower relative abundance of three butyrate producing genera (<jats:italic>Oscillospira<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Odoribacter<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Anaerostipes<\/jats:italic>). Compared to controls, mean CRP, but not IL\u20106 and TNF\u2010\u03b1, was elevated OCD patients. CRP revealed moderate to strong associations with psychiatric symptomatology.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>To our knowledge, this is the first investigation of the gut microbiome in OCD. In addition, our findings lend further support for the potential\u00a0association\u00a0of inflammation and OCD. These results suggest the gut microbiome may be a potential pathway of interest for future OCD research.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.13175","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,20]],"date-time":"2020-04-20T07:06:32Z","timestamp":1587366392000},"page":"337-347","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":86,"title":["The gut microbiome and inflammation in obsessive\u2010compulsive disorder patients compared to age\u2010 and sex\u2010matched controls: a pilot study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"142","author":[{"given":"J.","family":"Turna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Graduate Program McMaster University Hamilton Ontario Canada"},{"name":"MacAnxiety Research Centre Hamilton ON Canada"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences McMaster University Hamilton Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Grosman Kaplan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MacAnxiety Research Centre Hamilton ON Canada"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences McMaster University Hamilton Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Anglin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine University of Notre Dame Fiona Stanley Hospital University of Western Australia Crawley WA Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Patterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MacAnxiety Research Centre Hamilton ON Canada"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences McMaster University Hamilton Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Soreni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences McMaster University Hamilton Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Bercik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Farncombe Digestive Health Research Institute Department of Medicine McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada"},{"name":"Department of Medicine McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. 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