{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T14:04:52Z","timestamp":1781877892335,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,10]],"date-time":"2023-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702166400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Psychiatr Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Treatment decision\u2010making for individuals with bipolar disorder can be difficult. Recommendations from clinical practice guidelines can be affected by multiple methodological limitations, while pharmaco\u2010epidemiological data suggest great variety in prescription practices across regions. Given these inconsistencies, this study aimed to provide an alternative perspective on the effectiveness of common bipolar disorder maintenance treatments through considering naturalistic data.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 246 individuals with bipolar disorder (84 bipolar I [BP\u2010I], 162 bipolar II [BP\u2010II]) were recruited through clinics and\/or websites. All were euthymic and had trialled at least one mood stabiliser. They completed an online survey containing questions on demographics, clinical variables, symptomatology, and the effectiveness\/side effect profiles of any mood stabilisers (MSTs) or atypical antipsychotics (AAPs) that they have taken.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lithium and lamotrigine were the most commonly prescribed MSTs and the most effective at mood stabilisation. Lithium and lamotrigine appeared marginally more effective for BP\u2010I and BP\u2010II respectively, however, only the latter difference was statistically significant. Furthermore, lamotrigine had the more favourable side effect profile. Amongst the AAPs, quetiapine and olanzapine were the most commonly prescribed, but they were negligibly superior to other AAPs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study clearly established a preference for lamotrigine in the maintenance treatment of BP\u2010II. While the literature consistently emphasises the primacy of lithium in bipolar disorder treatment, its side effect profile as observed in this study remains a concern. Future research considering moderators of treatment response and concomitant medications could help to identify further nuances to consider for treatment decision\u2010making.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.13646","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,10]],"date-time":"2023-12-10T19:10:16Z","timestamp":1702235416000},"page":"98-109","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A naturalistic effectiveness study of maintenance therapies for the bipolar disorders"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"149","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2844-0748","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael J.","family":"Spoelma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine University of New South Wales  Sydney New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Black Dog Institute  Sydney New South Wales 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