{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T16:56:54Z","timestamp":1783702614978,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]],"date-time":"2025-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750982400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008373","name":"Takeda Pharmaceutical Company","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008373","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Psychiatr Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ADHD is often associated with comorbid psychiatric conditions. Differential diagnosis between other conditions and ADHD is not always clear, and patients are sometimes initially treated for another disorder instead. ADHD diagnosis and appropriate ADHD treatment potentially reduce the need for medication of the other disorder. Reaching high adherence to and persistence with ADHD medication is challenging. This nationwide cohort study aimed to describe not only ADHD medication use but also the use of other drugs in ADHD patients compared to controls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nationwide care and prescription registers were used to identify incident ADHD patients of any age between 2015 and 2020. Four controls were matched to each ADHD patient by age, gender, and residence. Analyses included data from 1.1.2010 to 31.12.2021.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Study cohort included 66,146\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      patients and 256,270 controls, with a total follow\u2010up of 1,123,412\u2009years. Sustained and extended\u2010release methylphenidate were the two most commonly used first\u2010line\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      drugs across all age groups. Simultaneous use of different\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      drugs was rare. Primary adherence was very high, with 95% of the patients purchasing their prescribed medication in general and 80% doing so within 10\u2009days. Persistence with medication was the highest among the youngest patients. A decrease in purchases was observed during the summer holidays in school\u2010age children and adolescents. In adults, antidepressant use often preceded\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      diagnosis and decreased after\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      treatment initiation, unlike in controls at the same time. In young children, antibiotics and anti\u2010inflammatory drug use was higher in\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      patients than in controls, especially before\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      identification.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>As far as we know, this is the first study to describe changes in the use of non\u2010ADHD medications in relation to ADHD identification. In adults, antidepressant use decreased after ADHD treatment initiation, and in children, antibiotic and anti\u2010inflammatory use showed more prominent decrease compared to controls of the same age. The data indicated high primary adherence to ADHD medication, and the youngest children remained on continuous ADHD medication the longest. The effect of summer holidays was visible in the purchase data.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.70007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]],"date-time":"2025-06-27T19:03:53Z","timestamp":1751051033000},"page":"203-215","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Use of Antidepressants Decreased After Initiation of\n                    <scp>ADHD<\/scp>\n                    Treatment in Adults\u2014A Finnish Nationwide Register Study Describing Use of\n                    <scp>ADHD<\/scp>\n                    and Non\u2010\n                    <scp>ADHD<\/scp>\n                    Medication in People With and Without\n                    <scp>ADHD<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"152","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-0684-7257","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisa","family":"Westman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Takeda Oy  Helsinki Finland"},{"name":"University of Helsinki  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8672-9465","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tuire","family":"Prami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oriola  Espoo Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-7269-0421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alvar","family":"Kallio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oriola  Espoo 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