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To this purpose, a combination of buprenorphine and naltrexone, a mixed very\u2010low efficacy mu\u2010opioid receptor agonist\/kappa\u2010opioid receptor antagonist\/nociceptin receptor agonist, was investigated. The tail\u2010withdrawal and the conditioned place preference (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CPP<\/jats:styled-content>) assays in adult<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>prague<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content>awley rats were used to show that naltrexone dose\u2010dependently blocked the mu\u2010opioid receptor agonism of buprenorphine. Furthermore, in the<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CPP<\/jats:styled-content>assay, a combination of 0.3\u2009mg\/kg buprenorphine and 3.0\u2009mg\/kg naltrexone was aversive. A combination of 0.3\u2009mg\/kg buprenorphine and 1.0\u2009mg\/kg naltrexone was neither rewarding nor aversive, but still possessed mu\u2010opioid receptor antagonist properties. In the<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CPP<\/jats:styled-content>extinction and reinstatement method, a combination of 0.3\u2009mg\/kg buprenorphine and 1.0\u2009mg\/kg naltrexone completely blocked drug\u2010primed reinstatement in cocaine\u2010conditioned rats (conditioned with 3\u2009mg\/kg cocaine, drug prime was 3\u2009mg\/kg cocaine) and attenuated drug\u2010primed reinstatement in morphine\u2010conditioned rats (conditioned with 5\u2009mg\/kg morphine, drug prime was 1.25\u2009mg\/kg morphine). These data add to the growing evidence that a buprenorphine\/naltrexone combination may be protective against relapse in a polydrug abuse situation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/adb.12020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,14]],"date-time":"2012-12-14T12:15:32Z","timestamp":1355487332000},"page":"575-586","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["A non\u2010rewarding, non\u2010aversive buprenorphine\/naltrexone combination attenuates drug\u2010primed reinstatement to cocaine and morphine in rats in a conditioned place preference paradigm"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Sarah F.","family":"Cordery","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology University of Bath UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alistair","family":"Taverner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology University of Bath UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Irna E.","family":"Ridzwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology University of Bath UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard H.","family":"Guy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology University of Bath UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. 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