{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T13:57:15Z","timestamp":1789394235244,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,4]],"date-time":"2015-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1433376000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addiction Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>To compare the effects of heroin and methamphetamine (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">METH<\/jats:styled-content>) addiction on dopamine transporters (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DATs<\/jats:styled-content>) in the same dose and duration, we assessed <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DAT<\/jats:styled-content> levels in the striatum by <jats:sup>99m<\/jats:sup>Tc\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TRODAT<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 single\u2010photon emission computed tomography (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SPECT<\/jats:styled-content>) brain images in people with heroin and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">METH<\/jats:styled-content> dependence. We recruited 21 healthy human controls, 23 heroin\u2010dependent subjects and 25 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">METH<\/jats:styled-content> abusers. The heroin\u2010 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">METH<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010dependent subjects exhibited negative urine toxicology after undergoing physiological detoxification. All subjects underwent <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SPECT<\/jats:styled-content> brain imaging, and specific tracer uptake ratios (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SURs<\/jats:styled-content>) were assessed bilaterally in the regions of interest. A significant <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SUR<\/jats:styled-content> reduction in heroin\u2010dependent subjects and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">METH<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010dependent subjects compared with healthy controls was found in the left striatum, right striatum, left caudate nucleus, right caudate nucleus, left putamen and right putamen. There were no significant differences in the heroin group and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">METH<\/jats:styled-content> group for the left striatum, right striatum, left caudate nucleus, right caudate nucleus, left putamen and right putamen. The scores of craving, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HAMA<\/jats:styled-content> (Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale), in heroin abusers were lower than in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">METH<\/jats:styled-content> abusers. Our results show that people with heroin and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">METH<\/jats:styled-content> dependence who are currently abstinent had lower <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DAT<\/jats:styled-content> levels in the striatum than healthy controls. There were no differences in striatal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DAT<\/jats:styled-content> in heroin and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">METH<\/jats:styled-content> users. These results suggest that chronic heroin and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">METH<\/jats:styled-content> abuse appears to produce similar effects in striatal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DAT<\/jats:styled-content> in humans. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">METH<\/jats:styled-content> users may have more serious craving and anxiety symptoms than heroin users with prolonged abstinence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/adb.12271","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,4]],"date-time":"2015-06-04T15:03:51Z","timestamp":1433430231000},"page":"229-234","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Comparison of striatal dopamine transporter levels in chronic heroin\u2010dependent and methamphetamine\u2010dependent subjects"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Jie","family":"Yuan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine Fudan University  China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xing Dang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine Fudan University  China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mei","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Huashan Hospital Fudan University  China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry Beijing Normal University  China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rong Bin","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine Fudan University  China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan Kai","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine Fudan University  China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guang Ming","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine Fudan University  China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Drug Rehabilitation Centre  China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890423349"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jcph.1995.1137"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/0376-8716(95)01118-I","article-title":"The role of dopamine in drug\u2010abuse viewed from the perspective of its role in 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