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As an opioid receptor antagonist, naltrexone may be particularly effective for reward drinkers. Acamprosate, which has been shown to down\u2010regulate the glutamatergic system, may be particularly effective for relief drinkers. This study sought to replicate and extend prior work (PREDICT study; Gl\u00f6ckner\u2010Rist <jats:italic>et al.<\/jats:italic> <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"#adb12427-bib-0020\"\/>) by examining dimensions of reward and relief temptation to drink and subtypes of individuals with distinct patterns of reward\/relief temptation. We utilized data from two randomized clinical trials for AUD (Project MATCH, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091726 and COMBINE study, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091383). We also tested whether classes of reward\/relief temptation would predict differential response to naltrexone and acamprosate in COMBINE. Results replicated prior work by identifying reward and relief temptation factors, which had excellent reliability and construct validity. Using factor mixture modeling, we identified five distinct classes of reward\/relief temptation that replicated across studies. In COMBINE, we found a significant class\u2010by\u2010acamprosate interaction effect. Among those most likely classified in the high relief\/moderate reward temptation class, individuals had better drinking outcomes if assigned to acamprosate versus placebo. We did not find a significant class\u2010by\u2010naltrexone interaction effect. Our study questions the orthogonal classification of drinkers into only two types (reward or relief drinkers) and adds to the body of research on moderators of acamprosate, which may inform clinical decision making in the treatment of AUD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/adb.12427","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,3]],"date-time":"2016-08-03T12:34:36Z","timestamp":1470227676000},"page":"1528-1539","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Reward and relief dimensions of temptation to drink: construct validity and role in predicting differential benefit from acamprosate and naltrexone"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Corey R.","family":"Roos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Center on Alcoholism, Substance Abuse and Addictions University of New Mexico  Albuquerque NM USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karl","family":"Mann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim University of Heidelberg  Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katie","family":"Witkiewitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Center on Alcoholism, Substance Abuse and Addictions University of New Mexico  Albuquerque NM USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15288\/jsad.2016.77.354"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000084161"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","volume-title":"Multiple Regression: Testing and Interpreting Interactions","author":"Aiken LS","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","volume-title":"Inventory of Drinking Situations (IDS): User's Guide","author":"Annis H","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.295.17.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0272-7358(88)90050-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10705511.2014.935265"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10705511.2013.824786"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","unstructured":"CliffordPR LongabaughR(1991)Manual for the administration of the important people and activities instrument.Adapted for use by Project MATCH for NIAAA 5 R01AA06698\u201305."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","volume-title":"Latent Class and Latent Transition Analysis: With Applications in the Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences","author":"Collins LM","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2003.tb02873.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.97.2.168"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","unstructured":"DerogatisLR(1993).Brief Symptom Inventory: administration scoring & procedures manual. 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