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Impulsivity is an established precursor to such addictive behaviours, and GD is associated with greater impulsivity. There is also evidence of GABAergic dysregulation in substance addiction and in impulsivity. This study therefore investigated GABA<jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub> receptor availability in 15 individuals with GD and 19 healthy volunteers (HV) using [<jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>C]Ro15\u20104513, a relatively selective \u03b15 benzodiazepine receptor PET tracer and its relationship with impulsivity. We found significantly higher [<jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>C]Ro15\u20104513 total distribution volume (<jats:italic>V<jats:sub>T<\/jats:sub><\/jats:italic>) in the right hippocampus in the GD group compared with HV. We found higher levels of the \u2018Negative Urgency\u2019 construct of impulsivity in GD, and these were positively associated with higher [<jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>C]Ro15\u20104513 <jats:italic>V<jats:sub>T<\/jats:sub><\/jats:italic> in the amygdala in the GD group; no such significant correlations were evident in the HV group. These results contrast with reduced binding of GABAergic PET ligands described previously in alcohol and opiate addiction and add to growing evidence for distinctions in the neuropharmacology between substance and behavioural addictions. These results provide the first characterization of GABA<jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub> receptors in GD with [<jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>C]Ro15\u20104513 PET and show greater \u03b15 receptor availability and positive correlations with trait impulsivity. This GABAergic dysregulation is potential target for treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/adb.12457","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,14]],"date-time":"2016-10-14T03:13:32Z","timestamp":1476414812000},"page":"1601-1609","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Evidence for GABA\u2010A receptor dysregulation in gambling disorder: correlation with impulsivity"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Inge","family":"Mick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Neuropsychopharmacology, Division of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Imperial College London  UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna C.","family":"Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Neuropsychopharmacology, Division of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Imperial College London  UK"},{"name":"Department of Psychobiology Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo  Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jim","family":"Myers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Neuropsychopharmacology, Division of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Imperial College London  UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul R.","family":"Stokes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Neuropsychopharmacology, Division of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Imperial College London  UK"},{"name":"Centre for Affective Disorders, Department of Psychological Medicine Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London  UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samantha","family":"Chandrasekera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Neuropsychopharmacology, Division of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Imperial College London  UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Erritzoe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Neuropsychopharmacology, Division of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Imperial College London  UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria A.","family":"Mendez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences Institute of Psychiatry, King's College  UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roger N.","family":"Gunn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Neuropsychopharmacology, Division of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Imperial College London  UK"},{"name":"Imanova Ltd. 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