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It is unknown whether the extent of these changes is related to individual differences in vulnerability to cocaine addiction. One factor increasing vulnerability involves reduced expression of the serotonin transporter (5\u2010HTT). Human studies have shown that inherited 5\u2010HTT downregulation is associated with structural changes in the brain. These genotype\u2010related structural changes may contribute to risk for cocaine addiction. Here, we tested this idea by using ultrahigh\u2010resolution structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on postmortem tissue of 5\u2010HTT<jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup> and wild\u2010type (5\u2010HTT<jats:sup>+\/+<\/jats:sup>) rats with a history of long access to cocaine or sucrose (control) self\u2010administration. We found that 5\u2010HTT<jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup> rats, compared with wild\u2010type control animals, self\u2010administered more cocaine, but not sucrose, under long\u2010access conditions. Ultrahigh\u2010resolution structural MRI subsequently revealed that, independent of sucrose or cocaine self\u2010administration, 5\u2010HTT<jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup> rats had a smaller amygdala. Moreover, we found an interaction between genotype and type of reward for dorsal raphe nucleus volume. The data point to an important but differential role of the amygdala and dorsal raphe nucleus in 5\u2010HTT genotype\u2013dependent vulnerability to cocaine addiction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/adb.12722","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,12]],"date-time":"2019-02-12T16:07:39Z","timestamp":1549987659000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Ultrahigh\u2010resolution MRI reveals structural brain differences in serotonin transporter knockout rats after sucrose and cocaine self\u2010administration"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Peter","family":"Karel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Centre for Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour Radboudumc  Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annette","family":"Van der Toorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University  Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louk","family":"Vanderschuren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animals in Science and Society, Division of Behavioural Neuroscience, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University  Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Centre for Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour Radboudumc  Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mina","family":"Sadighi Alvandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Centre for Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour Radboudumc  Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liesbeth","family":"Reneman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Academic Medical Center University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Amsterdam Brain and Cognition University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rick","family":"Dijkhuizen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University  Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michel M. 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