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Similarly, female rats can show more incentive motivation for cocaine than male rats do. Most preclinical studies on this issue have used self\u2010administration procedures that provide continuous cocaine access during each session (\u201clong\u2010access\u201d or LgA and \u201cshort\u2010access\u201d). However, intermittent access (IntA) cocaine self\u2010administration better models the intermittency of human cocaine use. Here, we compared cocaine use in female and male rats that received ten, daily 6\u2010hour LgA or IntA sessions. Cocaine intake was greatest under LgA, and female LgA rats escalated their intake. Only IntA rats (both sexes) developed locomotor sensitization to self\u2010administered cocaine, and sensitization was greatest in females. Five and 25 days after the last self\u2010administration session, we quantified responding for cocaine (0.083\u20100.75 mg\/kg\/infusion) under a progressive ratio (PR) schedule, a measure of motivation for drug. Across conditions, females earned more cocaine infusions than males under the PR schedule. Across sexes, IntA rats earned more infusions than LgA rats, even though IntA rats had previously taken much less cocaine. Cumulative cocaine intake significantly predicted responding for cocaine under the PR schedule in male LgA rats only. In IntA rats, the extent of locomotor sensitization significantly predicted responding under the PR schedule. Thus, LgA might be appropriate to study sex differences in cocaine intake, whereas IntA might be best suited to study sex differences in sensitization\u2010related neuroadaptations involved in cocaine addiction. This has implications for modelling distinct features of cocaine addiction in preclinical studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/adb.12809","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,1]],"date-time":"2019-08-01T20:28:56Z","timestamp":1564691336000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":77,"title":["Sex differences in cocaine self\u2010administration behaviour under long access versus intermittent access conditions"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5421-9137","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hajer","family":"Algallal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al  Montreal Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0126-3916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Florence","family":"Allain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al  Montreal Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ndeye Aissatou","family":"Ndiaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al  Montreal Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5546-1910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne\u2010No\u00ebl","family":"Samaha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al  Montreal Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yfrne.2007.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0193-953X(05)70074-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1989.01810020024005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-199610000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1081\/ADA-100103705"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/105504999305703"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0740-5472(93)90100-G"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(84)90442-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.23-02-00693.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0173(93)90013-P"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9568.1998.00368.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-4328(99)00109-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002130050979"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1064-1297.14.1.34"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00451696"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002130050042"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2004.03.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.282.5387.298"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2012.37"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-017-4773-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1986.01800020013003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002130050358"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","unstructured":"BeveridgeTJR WrayP BrewerA ShapiroB MahoneyJJ NewtonTF.Analyzing human cocaine use patterns to inform animal addiction model development. 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