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Stress is known to be a risk factor that can exacerbate the effects of addictive drugs. In this study, we investigated whether the positive effects of social interaction are mediated through a decrease in stress levels. For that purpose, rats were trained to express cocaine or social interaction conditioned place preference (CPP). Behavioural, hormonal, and molecular stress markers were evaluated. We found that social CPP decreased the percentage of incorrect transitions of grooming and corticosterone to the level of na\u00efve untreated rats. In addition, corticotropin\u2010releasing factor (CRF) was increased in the bed nucleus of stria terminalis after cocaine CPP. In order to study the modulation of social CPP by the CRF system, rats received intracerebroventricular CRF or alpha\u2010helical CRF, a nonselective antagonist of CRF receptors. The subsequent effects on CPP to cocaine or social interaction were observed. CRF injections increased cocaine CPP, whereas alpha\u2010helical CRF injections decreased cocaine CPP. However, alpha\u2010helical CRF injections potentiated social CPP. When social interaction was made available in an alternative context, CRF\u2010induced increase of cocaine preference was reversed completely to the level of rats receiving cocaine paired with alpha\u2010helical CRF. This reversal of cocaine preference was also paralleled by a reversal in CRF\u2010induced increase of p38 MAPK expression in the nucleus accumbens shell. These findings suggest that social interaction could contribute as a valuable component in treatment of substance use disorders by reducing stress levels.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/adb.12878","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,27]],"date-time":"2020-01-27T05:40:41Z","timestamp":1580103641000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Social interaction reward in rats has anti\u2010stress effects"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3182-6289","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Lemos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Division of Psychiatry I Medical University Innsbruck  Innsbruck 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