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Little is known about the safety of naphyrone or its effects in vivo, and more research is needed to acquire knowledge about its fundamental effects on physiology and behaviour. Our objective was to investigate naphyrone's pharmacokinetics, acute toxicity, hyperthermic potential and stimulatory and psychotomimetic properties in vivo in male Wistar rats. Pharmacokinetics after 1 mg\/kg subcutaneous (sc.) naphyrone were measured over 6 h in serum, the brain, liver and lungs. Rectal temperature (degree Celsius) was measured over 10 h in group\u2014versus individually housed rats after 20 mg\/kg sc. In the behavioural experiments, 5, 10 or 20 mg\/kg of naphyrone was administered 15 or 60 min prior to testing. Stimulation was assessed in the open field, and sensorimotor processing in a prepulse inhibition (PPI) task. Peak concentrations of naphyrone in serum and tissue were reached at 30 min, with a long\u2010lasting elevation in the brain\/serum ratio, consistent with observations of lasting hyperlocomotion in the open field and modest increases in body temperature. Administration of 20 mg\/kg transiently enhanced PPI. Naphyrone crosses the blood\u2013brain barrier rapidly and is eliminated slowly, and its long\u2010lasting effects correspond to its pharmacokinetics. No specific signs of acute toxicity were observed; therefore, clinical care and harm\u2010reduction guidance should be in line with that available for other stimulants and cathinones.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/adb.12906","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,7]],"date-time":"2020-05-07T07:39:35Z","timestamp":1588837175000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Naphyrone (naphthylpyrovalerone): Pharmacokinetics, behavioural effects and thermoregulation in Wistar rats"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6242-4413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikola","family":"Pinterova\u2010Leca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Neurobiology National Institute of Mental Health  Klecany Czech Republic"},{"name":"Third Faculty of Medicine Charles University in Prague  Prague Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2536-2465","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachel R.","family":"Horsley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Neurobiology National Institute of Mental Health  Klecany Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hynek","family":"Danda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Neurobiology National Institute of Mental Health  Klecany Czech Republic"},{"name":"Third Faculty of Medicine Charles University in Prague  Prague Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7891-277X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monika","family":"\u017d\u00eddkov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, First Faculty of Medicine Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague  Prague Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Lhotkov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Neurobiology National Institute of Mental Health  Klecany Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kl\u00e1ra","family":"\u0160\u00edchov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Neurobiology National Institute of Mental Health  Klecany Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Krist\u00fdna","family":"\u0160tefkov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Neurobiology National Institute of Mental Health  Klecany Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6334-1177","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marie","family":"Bal\u00edkov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, First Faculty of Medicine Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague  Prague Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Kucha\u0159","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Neurobiology National Institute of Mental Health  Klecany Czech Republic"},{"name":"Forensic Laboratory of Biologically Active Compounds, Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds University of Chemistry and Technology in Prague  Prague Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3109-9539","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tom\u00e1\u0161","family":"P\u00e1len\u00ed\u010dek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Neurobiology National Institute of Mental Health  Klecany Czech Republic"},{"name":"Third Faculty of Medicine Charles University in Prague  Prague Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.204"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","volume-title":"European Drug Report 2017: Trends and Developments","author":"EMCDDA","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","unstructured":"TripSit. 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