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Exposure to drug\u2010associated stimuli engages prefrontal cortex circuits, and dysfunction of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is thought to underlie drug\u2010seeking behaviors. Growing evidence supports a role for parvalbumin containing fast\u2010spiking interneurons (FSI) in modulating prefrontal cortical microcircuit activity by influencing the balance of excitation and inhibition, which can influence learning and memory processes. Most parvalbumin FSIs within layer V of the prelimbic mPFC are surrounded by specialized extracellular matrix structures called perineuronal nets (PNN). Previous work by our group found that cocaine exposure altered PNN\u2010surrounded FSI function, and pharmacological removal of PNNs reduced cocaine\u2010seeking behavior. However, the role of FSIs and associated constituents (parvalbumin and PNNs) in cocaine\u2010related memories was not previously explored and is still unknown. Here, we found that reactivation of a cocaine conditioned place preference memory produced changes in cortical PNN\u2010surrounded parvalbumin FSIs, including decreased parvalbumin intensity, increased parvalbumin cell axis diameter, decreased intrinsic excitability, and increased excitatory synaptic input. Further investigation of intrinsic properties revealed changes in the interspike interval, membrane capacitance, and afterhyperpolarization recovery time. Changes in these specific properties suggest an increase in potassium\u2010mediated currents, which was validated with additional electrophysiological analysis. Collectively, our results indicate that cocaine memory reactivation induces functional adaptations in PNN\u2010surrounded parvalbumin neurons, which likely alters cortical output to promote cocaine\u2010seeking behavior.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/adb.12947","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,4]],"date-time":"2020-08-04T15:46:59Z","timestamp":1596556019000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Cocaine memory reactivation induces functional adaptations within parvalbumin interneurons in the rat medial prefrontal cortex"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Emily T.","family":"Jorgensen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Graduate Program University of Wyoming  Laramie Wyoming USA"},{"name":"School of Pharmacy University of Wyoming  Laramie Wyoming USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela E.","family":"Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Translational Addiction Research Center Washington State University  Vancouver Washington USA"},{"name":"R.S. Dow Neurobiology Legacy Research Institute  Portland Oregon USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John H.","family":"Harkness","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Translational Addiction Research Center Washington State University  Vancouver Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deborah M.","family":"Hegarty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry Oregon Health &amp; Science University  Portland Oregon USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amit","family":"Thakar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Graduate Program University of Wyoming  Laramie Wyoming USA"},{"name":"School of Pharmacy University of Wyoming  Laramie Wyoming USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Delta J.","family":"Burchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy University of Wyoming  Laramie Wyoming USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jake A.","family":"Aadland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy University of Wyoming  Laramie Wyoming USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sue A.","family":"Aicher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry Oregon Health &amp; Science University  Portland Oregon USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara A.","family":"Sorg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Translational Addiction Research Center Washington State University  Vancouver Washington USA"},{"name":"R.S. 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