{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T20:20:08Z","timestamp":1788380408222,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,25]],"date-time":"2021-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611532800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addiction Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chemical compounds that target dopamine (DA) D1 or D3 receptors have shown promise as potential interventions in animal models of cue\u2010induced relapse. However, undesirable side effects or pharmacodynamic profiles have limited the advancement of new compounds in preclinical studies when administered as independent treatments. In this series of experiments, we explored the effects of coadministration of a D1\u2010receptor partial agonist (SKF 77434) and a D3\u2010receptor antagonist (NGB 2904) in heroin\u2010seeking rats within a \u201cconflict\u201d model of abstinence and cue\u2010induced relapse. Rats were first trained to press a lever to self\u2010administer heroin, and drug delivery was paired contingently with cues (e.g., light and pump noise). Self\u2010initiated abstinence was facilitated by applying electrical current to the flooring in front of the levers. Lastly, a relapse response was provoked by noncontingent presentation of conditioned cues. Prior to provocation, rats received a systemic injection of SKF 77434, NGB 2904, or a combination of both compounds to assess treatment effects on lever pressing. Results indicated that the coadministration of low (i.e., independently ineffective) doses of both compounds was more effective in reducing cue\u2010induced relapse to heroin seeking than either compound alone, with some evidence of drug synergism. Follow\u2010up studies indicated that this reduction was not due to motoric impairment nor enhanced sensitivity to the electrified flooring and that this treatment did not significantly affect motivation for food. Implications for the treatment of opiate use disorder and recommendations for further research are discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/adb.12988","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,26]],"date-time":"2021-01-26T07:20:57Z","timestamp":1611645657000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Low\u2010dose polypharmacology targeting dopamine D1 and D3 receptors reduces cue\u2010induced relapse to heroin seeking in rats"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Scott T.","family":"Ewing","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychology Department Queens College of the City University of New York  Flushing New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Dorcely","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychology Department Queens College of the City University of New York  Flushing New York 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