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DHEA\u2010S serum levels were compared between 200 inpatients with AUD (44% women) admitted for withdrawal treatment and 240 healthy controls (45% women) and analysed longitudinally in patients from early abstinence (baseline) to a median of 5\u2009days later. We also correlated DHEA\u2010S levels with craving, liver enzyme activities, and prospective alcohol\u2010related readmissions during a 24\u2010month follow\u2010up. DHEA\u2010S concentrations were lower in female patients than in female healthy controls during baseline (70%) and decreased from baseline to follow\u2010up in the female and male patients groups (down to: women, 92%; men, 76%). Baseline DHEA\u2010S concentrations correlated with the total and obsessive subscales of the Obsessive\u2013Compulsive Drinking Scale and with maximum visual analogue scale craving scores in female patients (Rho\u2009\u2264\u2009\u22120.240) and gamma\u2010glutamyl transferase activity in female (Rho\u2009=\u2009\u22120.292) and male (Rho\u2009=\u2009\u22120.391) patients. DHEA\u2010S did not significantly predict outcome. We found interactions with smoking behaviour and age. This is the first study based on large cohorts of inpatients with AUD undergoing a qualified detoxification treatment to provide sex\u2010separated evidence for associations of DHEA\u2010S serum concentrations with AUD and related phenotypes. The results stimulate further investigations whether DHEA\u2010S directly influences alcohol craving building a basis to develop sex\u2010sensitive prevention and treatment strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/adb.13135","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,14]],"date-time":"2022-01-14T06:59:36Z","timestamp":1642143576000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Sulphated dehydroepiandrosterone serum levels are reduced in women with alcohol use disorder and correlate negatively with craving: A sex\u2010separated cross\u2010sectional and longitudinal study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0007-4902","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Weinland","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Friedrich\u2010Alexander University Erlangen\u2013N\u00fcrnberg (FAU)  Erlangen 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