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Dysregulations in these circuits may contribute to drug\u2010seeking and drug\u2010consuming behaviour by impeding inhibitory control, habit formation, and reward processing. Despite evidence of network\u2010level changes in SUD, a shared pattern of functional alterations within and between spatially distributed brain networks has not been systematically investigated. The present meta\u2010analytic investigation aims at identifying common alterations in resting\u2010state functional connectivity patterns across different SUD, including stimulant, heroin, alcohol, cannabis, and nicotine use. To this aim, seed\u2010based whole\u2010brain connectivity maps for different functional networks were extracted and subjected to multi\u2010level kernel density analysis to identify dysfunctional networks in individuals with SUD compared with healthy controls. In addition, an exploratory analysis examined substance\u2010specific effects as well as the influence of drug use status on the main findings. Our findings indicate a hypoconnectivity pattern for the limbic, salience, and frontoparietal networks in individuals with SUD as compared with healthy controls. The default mode network additionally exhibited a complex pattern of hypo\u2010 and hyperconnectivity across the studies. The observed disrupted connectivity between networks in SUD may associate with deficient inhibitory control mechanisms that are thought to contribute to excessive craving and automatic drug\u2010related behaviour as well as failure in substance use cessation. The identified network\u2010based alterations in SUD represent potential treatment targets for neuromodulation, for example, network\u2010based real\u2010time functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) neurofeedback. Such interventions can evaluate the behavioural relevance of the identified neural circuits.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/adb.13200","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,21]],"date-time":"2022-06-21T07:49:20Z","timestamp":1655797760000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Shared network\u2010level functional alterations across substance use disorders: A multi\u2010level kernel density meta\u2010analysis of resting\u2010state functional connectivity studies"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1520-2890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arezoo","family":"Taebi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Faculty of Medicine RWTH Aachen  Aachen 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