{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,9]],"date-time":"2026-08-09T23:36:38Z","timestamp":1786318598589,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,11]],"date-time":"2022-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660176000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DA039953"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DA039953"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addiction Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Most individuals with cocaine use disorder also use alcohol; however, little is known about the behavioural and pharmacological mechanisms that promote co\u2010abuse. For example, although studies in humans and animals have documented that chronic use of either alcohol or cocaine alone decreases D2\u2010like receptor (D2R) availability, effects of co\u2010abuse of these substances on dopamine receptor function have not been characterized. These studies examined the effects of long\u2010term cocaine self\u2010administration in 12 male rhesus monkeys who also consumed either ethanol or an ethanol\u2010free solution each day (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20096 per group). Specifically, all monkeys self\u2010administered cocaine (0.1\u2009mg\/kg per injection) 5\u2009days per week in the morning. In the afternoon, six monkeys consumed 2.0 g\/kg ethanol over 1\u2009h to model binge drinking and six monkeys drank an ethanol\u2010free solution. Assessment of D2R availability using positron emission tomography (PET) and [<jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>C]raclopride occurred when monkeys were drug\u2010na\u00efve and again when monkeys had self\u2010administered approximately 400\u2010mg\/kg cocaine. D<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>R function was assessed at the same time points by determining the potency of the D<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>R\u2010preferring agonist quinpirole to elicit yawns. Chronic cocaine self\u2010administration decreased D2R availability in subregions of the basal ganglia in control monkeys, but not those that also drank ethanol. In contrast, D<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>R sensitivity increased significantly after chronic cocaine self\u2010administration in ethanol\u2010drinking monkeys but not controls. These results suggest that co\u2010use of ethanol substantially changes the effects of chronic cocaine self\u2010administration on dopamine receptors, specifically implicating D<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>R as a target for medications in these individuals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/adb.13219","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,11]],"date-time":"2022-08-11T09:46:46Z","timestamp":1660211206000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Effects of chronic cocaine and ethanol self\u2010administration on brain dopamine receptors in a rhesus monkey model of polysubstance abuse"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Felicity M.","family":"Say","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology &amp; Pharmacology Wake Forest School of Medicine  Winston\u2010Salem North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aaron M.","family":"Tryhus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology &amp; Pharmacology Wake Forest School of Medicine  Winston\u2010Salem North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phillip M.","family":"Epperly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology &amp; Pharmacology Wake Forest School of Medicine  Winston\u2010Salem North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan H.","family":"Nader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology &amp; Pharmacology Wake Forest School of Medicine  Winston\u2010Salem North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiran K.","family":"Solingapuram Sai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology &amp; Pharmacology Wake Forest School of Medicine  Winston\u2010Salem North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brianna E.","family":"George","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology &amp; Pharmacology Wake Forest School of Medicine  Winston\u2010Salem North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haley A.","family":"Kirse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology &amp; Pharmacology Wake Forest School of Medicine  Winston\u2010Salem North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1778-4625","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul W.","family":"Czoty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology &amp; Pharmacology Wake Forest School of Medicine  Winston\u2010Salem North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15288\/jsa.1988.49.219"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0376\u20108716(90)90147\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15288\/jsa.1993.54.199"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15288\/jsa.2001.62.14"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1300\/J069v13n04_06"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/josh.12351"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2016.209"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2021.108707"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.85.14.5274"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213\u2010002\u20101233\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.300.3.831"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002130050232"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213\u2010007\u20100809\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2015.05.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/FBP.0000000000000254"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2009.110"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2012.06.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/syn.890140210"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2017.0135"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02245330"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925\u20104927(02)00087\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530\u20100277.1996.tb05936.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.64.11.1575"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.162.8.1515"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.161.10.1783"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2005.04.044"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530\u20100277.2006.00130.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1369\u20101600.2011.00355.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213\u2010014\u20103720\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1737"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2013.192"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2014.03.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386\u2010020\u201000874\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2017.01.045"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2014.18"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386\u2010021\u201001095\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.105.085472"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213\u2010007\u20100766\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2010.248"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.114.214833"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2017.10.003"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","first-page":"88","article-title":"Experimentally induced ethanol dependence in rhesus monkeys","volume":"175","author":"Ellis FW","year":"1970","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15288\/jsa.1988.49.551"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0376\u20108716(88)90023\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.117.244194"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014\u20102999(91)90351\u2010P"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004647\u2010199609000\u201000008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.162.8.1473"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028\u20103908(99)00064\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","first-page":"231","article-title":"The D3 dopamine receptor: neurobiology and potential clinical relevance","volume":"49","author":"Lavant B","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3786\u201005.2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.06\u20106110com"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2014.51"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0049483"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.03.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.06.044"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471\u20104159.1991.tb08205.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0024\u20103205(91)90217\u2010Y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0024\u20103205(92)90286\u2010X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02246187"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978\u20100\u201012\u2010420118\u20107.00008\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530\u20100277.2001.tb02321.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2019.107627"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749\u20106632.2009.05149.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.115.011668"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2009.04.015"}],"container-title":["Addiction Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/adb.13219","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/adb.13219","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/adb.13219","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,20]],"date-time":"2023-08-20T17:06:03Z","timestamp":1692551163000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/adb.13219"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,11]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/adb.13219"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/adb.13219","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1355-6215","1369-1600"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1355-6215","type":"print"},{"value":"1369-1600","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-05-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-07-19","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-08-11","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e13219"}}