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However, the understanding of how alcohol consumption affects endogenous GLP\u20101 responses\u2014important for understanding GLP\u20101\u2010based therapies' potential in addressing alcohol misuse\u2014is limited, given the absence of placebo\u2010controlled studies examining these effects. This study aimed to determine the acute effects of alcohol ingestion on GLP\u20101 and other peptides and evaluate whether metabolic surgery, which increases GLP\u20101 responses, blood alcohol concentrations (BAC) and alcohol misuse risk, influences this effect. Additionally, we assessed the acute effects of alcohol on plasma glucose and insulin concentrations. Using a placebo\u2010controlled crossover study, we examined hormonal and glucose responses after oral alcohol consumption (0.5\u00a0g\/kg of fat\u2010free mass) versus placebo drinks in 18 women who underwent metabolic surgery &lt;5\u00a0years ago and in 14 non\u2010operated controls (equivalent in age, body mass index [BMI], race and alcohol consumption patterns). Women had a mean (SD) age of 41 (10) years and a BMI of 33 (5) kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>. Compared with the control group, the surgery group exhibited a higher peak BAC (0.99 [0.20] g\/L vs. 0.75 [0.16] g\/L; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.005). Alcohol decreased GLP\u20101 by 34% (95% CI, 16%\u201352%) in both groups and decreased ghrelin more in the control (27%) than in the surgery group (13%). Alcohol modestly decreased plasma glucose and transiently increased insulin secretion in both groups (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). However, alcohol lowered blood glucose concentrations to the hypoglycaemic range in 28% of the women in the surgery group versus none in the control group. These findings provide compelling evidence that acute alcohol consumption decreases GLP\u20101, a satiation signal, elucidating alcohol's \u2018ap\u00e9ritif\u2019 effect. This study also highlights the potential increase in alcohol\u2010related hypoglycaemic effects after metabolic surgery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/adb.13441","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,9]],"date-time":"2024-10-09T02:49:41Z","timestamp":1728442181000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["The glucagon\u2010like peptide\u20101 and other endocrine responses to alcohol ingestion in women with versus without metabolic surgery"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-5859-8896","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariel","family":"Molina\u2010Castro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition University of Illinois at Urbana\u2010Champaign  Urbana\u2010Champaign Illinois 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