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The present study aimed to examine cross\u2010sectional and longitudinal associations between chronic stress, hair cortisol and average past\u2010year alcohol consumption within a population\u2010based sample of adolescents and young adults. At baseline of the epidemiological cohort study,\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20091180 individuals aged 14\u201321 from Dresden, Germany, were assessed (11\/2015\u201312\/2016). A maximum\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20091055 were analysed in cross\u2010sectional analyses and a maximum\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009722 in longitudinal analyses (1\u2010year follow\u2010up). Multivariate linear regression analyses were conducted to reveal cross\u2010sectional associations between perceived chronic stress, hair cortisol concentration and average past\u2010year alcohol consumption in males and females. Longitudinally, weighted linear regression models examined relationships between (a) perceived chronic stress at baseline and altered hair cortisol concentration over 1\u2009year, (b) perceived chronic stress\/hair cortisol concentration at baseline and altered average alcohol consumption over 1\u2009year and (c) average past\u2010year alcohol consumption at baseline and altered stress\/hair cortisol concentration over 1\u2009year. Cross\u2010sectionally, no significant relationships were found between stress, hair cortisol and average past\u2010year alcohol consumption at baseline. In females, higher baseline perceived chronic stress was associated with an increase in hair cortisol concentration over 1\u2009year, whereas no relationship was found in the cross\u2010sectional analysis between baseline perceived chronic stress and baseline past\u2010year average alcohol consumption. When using hair cortisol as a biomarker for stress perception, the focus of future research should be on potential time lags between perceived chronic stress and hair cortisol increase.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/adb.70018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]],"date-time":"2025-02-13T01:04:46Z","timestamp":1739408686000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Associations Between Stress and Hair Cortisol and Their Relationship to Alcohol Use Among Adolescents and Young Adults: An Epidemiological Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-0407-4268","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lena","family":"Plettenberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Behavioral Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy TUD Dresden University of Technology  Dresden Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anja","family":"Kr\u00e4plin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Work Group Addictive Behaviors, Risk Analysis and Risk Management, Faculty of Psychology TUD Dresden University of Technology  Dresden Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catharina","family":"Voss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Behavioral Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy TUD Dresden University of Technology  Dresden Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katja","family":"Beesdo\u2010Baum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Behavioral Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy TUD Dresden University of Technology  Dresden Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanna","family":"Kische","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Behavioral Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy TUD Dresden University of Technology  Dresden Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","volume-title":"Global Status Report on Alcohol and Health","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","volume-title":"Rauchen, Alkoholkonsum und Konsum illegaler Drogen: aktuelle Verbreitung und Trends","author":"Orth B.","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2014.00083"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev\u2010psych\u2010010814\u2010015156"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530\u20100277.2010.01380.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2010.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2008.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.12.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smi.2835"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-011-2236-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2012.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dadr.2022.100039"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2012.11.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e3181810658"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2005.10.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007\u20100737"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2012.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2010.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/adb.12681"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","first-page":"468","article-title":"Stress and the HPA Axis: Role of Glucocorticoids in Alcohol Dependence","volume":"34","author":"Stephens M. 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