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Alcohol activates the mesolimbic dopamine system leading to an increase of extracellular dopamine (DA) in the nucleus accumbens, an event that is associated with the reinforcing effects of alcohol. Cholinergic interneurons (CIN) are important modulators of accumbal DA signalling, and depletion of accumbal CIN attenuates the alcohol\u2010induced increase in extracellular DA. The aim of this study was to explore the functional role of accumbal CIN in alcohol\u2010related behaviour. To this end, ablation of CIN was induced by local administration of anticholine acetyltransferase\u2010saporin bilaterally into the nucleus accumbens of male Wistar rats. Alcohol consumption in ablated and sham\u2010treated rats was studied using a two\u2010bottle\u2010choice intermittent alcohol consumption paradigm. Rats with depleted CIN consumed significantly less alcohol than sham\u2010treated controls. No differences in sucrose preference, motor activity, water intake or weight gain were noted between treatment groups, suggesting that the ablation selectively affected alcohol\u2010related behaviour. 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