{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T13:24:31Z","timestamp":1790861071561,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addiction Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Cocaine use disorder (CUD) lacks FDA\u2010approved treatments, partly due to the difficulty of creating therapeutics that target behaviour\u2010related neural circuits without disrupting signalling throughout the brain. One promising candidate for circuit\u2010selective neuromodulation is pituitary adenylate cyclase\u2010activating polypeptide (PACAP), a neuropeptide with pleiotropic behavioural actions whose signalling network spans the gut\u2013brain axis. Here, we investigated the potential existence and function of an endogenous PACAP signalling network within the nucleus accumbens core (NAcc), which is a structure that integrates emotional, cognitive and reward processes underlying behaviour. We found that PACAP and its cognate receptor, PAC1R, are endogenously expressed in the rat NAcc and that PACAP mRNA is present in medial prefrontal cortical projections to the NAcc. Behaviourally, intra\u2010NAcc infusions of PACAP\n                    <jats:sub>1\u201338<\/jats:sub>\n                    (450\u2009ng\/500\u2009nL) did not induce seeking behaviour. Instead, it blocked cocaine\u2010primed reinstatement (10\u2009mg\/kg, intraperitoneal [ip]). Intra\u2010NAcc PACAP\n                    <jats:sub>1\u201338<\/jats:sub>\n                    (450\u2009ng\/500\u2009nL) also blocked reinstatement driven by coinfusion of the D1\u2010like dopamine receptor agonist (SKF81297, 3\u2009\u03bcg\/500\u2009nL) but not the D2\u2010like dopamine receptor agonist (sumanirole, 100\u2009ng\/500\u2009nL). These findings are notable because previous studies have shown D1\u2010like and D2\u2010like dopamine receptors in the NAcc regulate distinct processes and circuits. Collectively, these studies provide novel insights into the behaviour\u2010modulating actions of central PACAP signalling within the NAcc. Taken together with prior findings, the results underscore the need for additional research to reveal the precise behavioural processes and mechanisms that can be regulated by the full PACAP signalling network, which may reveal how to target this system to develop targeted therapeutics.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/adb.70090","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,2]],"date-time":"2025-10-02T04:20:28Z","timestamp":1759378828000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["PACAP Signalling Network in the Nucleus Accumbens Core Regulates Reinstatement Behaviour in Rat"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Samrat","family":"Bose","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences Marquette University  Milwaukee Wisconsin 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