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It covers the various models and protocols of ethanol administration, emphasizing their strengths and limitations in helping understand ethanol\u2010induced changes in brain and behaviour. The findings from protocols utilizing acute, chronic\u2010intermittent ethanol (CIE) and chronic\u2010continuous ethanol (CCE) exposure are summarized into a proposed mechanism of epigenetic dysregulation and neuroadaptation, spanning from initial ethanol exposure to withdrawal and its influence on gene expression and neuronal activity. This review also explores potential epigenetic targets for therapeutic intervention. 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